Prognostic factors of nasopharynx tumors investigated by MR imaging and the value of MR imaging in the newly published TNM staging

Sakata, Koh‐ichi; Hareyama, Masato; Tamakawa, Mitsuharu; Oouchi, Atsushi; Sido, Mitsuo; Nagakura, Hisayasu; Akiba, Hidenari; Koito, Kazumitsu; Himi, Tetsuo; Asakura, Kohji

doi:10.1016/s0360-3016(98)00417-9

Cited by 86 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the prognosis of RLN metastasis is controversial. Some studies report that higher distant metastasis rates are observed in patients with NPC with RLN metastasis (7,8,24), but those studies are based on univariate analysis. The study by Chua (9) shows no significant effect on outcome and prognosis after adjusting for T and N classifications and suggests that there is insufficient evidence for upgrading N 0 patients with RLN lymph node metastasis to N 1 , regardless of the node size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Prognostic Value and Staging Categories

Ma¹,

Liu²,

Tang³

et al. 2007

Clinical Cancer Research

107

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, prognostic value, and staging categories of retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Experimental Design: We did a retrospective review of the data from 749 biopsy-proved nonmetastatic NPC patients. All patients had undergone contrast-enhanced computed tomography and had radiotherapy as their primary treatment. Results:The incidence of RLN metastasis was 51.5%. After adjusting for tumor (T) and node (N) classifications, a borderline significant difference of distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates was observed between patients with or without RLN metastasis. In N 0 disease, the presence of RLN metastasis was a significant independent predictor for overall survival (OS), loco-regional relapse-free survival, and DMFS in multivariate Cox modeling analysis. No significant difference was observed in all end points between patients with unilateral and bilateral RLN metastasis. The hazard ratios of death and distant failure for N 0 with RLN metastasis were similar to N 1 . The survival curve of OS and DMFS for N 0 disease with RLN metastasis had approximated that of N 1 disease. The survival curve of OS for T 1 disease with RLN metastasis was approximately the same as T 2 disease. However, the survival curve of DMFS for T 1 disease with RLN metastasis was approximately the same as inT 3 disease. Conclusions: RLN metastasis has a tendency to affect the DMFS rates of patients with NPC. Retropharyngeal node involvement has a negative effect on the prognosis of N 0 disease. RLN metastasis should be classified as N 1 .

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Prognostic Value and Staging Categories

Ma¹,

Liu²,

Tang³

et al. 2007

Clinical Cancer Research

107

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(3) Imaging evaluation: Locoregional staging includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan of the base of the skull and neck; MRI is generally preferred because it allows a better evaluation of parapharyngeal extension [8]. A CT scan of the chest, as well as a liver ultrasound exam and a bone scan should implement this work-up for the search of possible metastatic disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distant Metastases from Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Chiesa

Paoli²

2001

ORL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Undifferentiated carcinoma is the most frequent nasopharyngeal cancer; it has a typical pathognomonic histological pattern, a close relationship to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a peculiar natural history and a good prognosis. It has an early tendency to locally spread to the parapharyngeal space. Nodal involvement is highly frequent (70–90%) and bulky regardless of the size of the primary. Literature reports up to 11% distant metastases at presentation and up to 87% at autoptic studies. Pretreatment work-up should include: personal history, clinical and fiberscopic examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan of the base of the skull and neck, histology of the primary and cytology of neck lumps, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, and EBV serological profile. Clinical and pathological factors predicting possible distant spread are primary tumor and node extension, and treatment failure. Up to now no reliable predictive biological markers have been identified. After treatment, distant metastases are found in about 30% of patients within 5 years and generally have a bad prognosis. Metastatic nodes above the clavicle, in absence of locoregional failure, aggressively treated with chemoradiotherapy, have a disease-free survival longer than 5 years. The following is the suggested posttreatment work-up for early diagnosis of these salvageable patients: clinical and fiberscopic evaluation every 3 months for 2 years and later on every 6 months; skull base and neck MRI or CT scan, and chest CT scan at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months; EBV serological evaluation.

show abstract

“…17 Therefore, our data suggested that primary tumour size might not predict the risk of NPC recurrence. Sakata et al 18 reported that deep infiltration of the primary tumour was a more important prognostic factor in NPC than tumour volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR imaging prediction of local control of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy

Wang¹,

Zhao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2014

BJR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prognostic factors of nasopharynx tumors investigated by MR imaging and the value of MR imaging in the newly published TNM staging

Cited by 86 publications

References 13 publications

Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Prognostic Value and Staging Categories

Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Prognostic Value and Staging Categories

Distant Metastases from Nasopharyngeal Cancer

MR imaging prediction of local control of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About