Prognostic value of the electroencephalogram in neonatal asphyxia

Video-EEG monitoring in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with hypothermia

“…Our findings are substantiated by prior studies in noncooled infants with HIE, which demonstrated that a normal EEG within the first 2-7 days of life is associated with favorable developmental outcome and a severely abnormal EEG (BS or extremely low voltage) on the second day of life or thereafter is associated with poor outcome. [12][13][14]24 The few studies that reported EEG background in this population within the first 24 hours of life 17,25,26 showed a relatively poor specificity for adverse developmental outcome following a severely abnormal background during the first 12 hours of life because of EEG normalization by 12 to 24 hours of life in some infants with normal outcome. Similarly, in our cohort, a BS or extremely low voltage EEG was not highly predictive for moderate to severe MRI injury until the second day of life, around the time of midcooling.…”

“…Brain MRI is highly predictive of neurologic outcome, 9,10 including in the setting of hypothermia, 11 although it does not provide functional assessment and its sensitivity for hypoxicischemic injury in the first 48 hours of life is limited. A single EEG recording during the first week of life in noncooled infants with HIE, [12][13][14] and in infants with HIE treated with TH, 15 may help predict neurologic outcome. However, continuous video-EEG monitoring is the gold standard for evaluating brain function and for recording electrographic seizures in neonates with HIE 16,17 and it has not yet been reported in neonates with HIE undergoing TH.…”

When Combined, Early Bedside Head Ultrasound and Electroencephalography Predict Abnormal Computerized Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Brain Images Obtained After Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Treatment

“…10 -14 Abnormalities on the EEG reflect both the severity and acuteness of brain dysfunction, regardless of the underlying pathology. 15,16 Nevertheless, specific EEG abnormalities may be indicative of specific types of brain injury, 17 and markedly abnormal recordings during ECMO therapy can be predictive of a poor prognosis (mortality and central nervous system morbidity). 13,14 Because adverse neurologic and cognitive outcomes are approximately twice as common in ECMO-treated infants with significant CT or MRI neuroimaging abnormalities when compared with those without such abnormalities, 4 -6 earlier knowledge of CT or MRI results would be clinically useful.…”

The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol and Marijuana Exposure: Disturbances in Neonatal Sleep Cycling and Arousal

“…Abnormal EEGsleep patterns have been associated with specific clinical conditions identified in either the prenatal or perinatal periods. Among the clinical conditions associated with abnormal EEG-sleep patterns are seizures (10, 1 I), untreated hypothyroidism (12), maternal diabetes (4) and toxemia (1 3, 14), trisomy 2 1 (1 5), asphyxia (1 1, [16][17][18], and drug addiction (1 9). Several investigators contend that EEG-sleep abnormalities can predict medical and behavioral difficulties in neonates and infants even in the absence of clinical abnormalities (10, 1 1, 20, 2 1).…”