Programmable energy source emulator for photovoltaic panels considering partial shadow effect

Chen, Cheng-Chuan; Chang, Hong‐Chan; Kuo, Chia‐Hung; Lin, Chien-Chin

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.060

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…6 In recent times, converters like buck, boost, and SEPIC-based emulator design are also proved to be robust, reliable, and efficient method for their suitability. 28 Chen et al 29 have used the switched-mode power supply in the PV emulator structure thanks to their high efficiency. Others 30 have considered linear regulators to minimize the output ripple at the system output.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic emulator based on PV simulator RT implementation using XSG tools for an FPGA control: Theory and experimentation

Moussa

Khedher

2019

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary This paper presents an efficient field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation method for a photovoltaic (PV) simulator based on two‐diode model applied to control a PV emulator. The hardware set up allows to repeat the real PV system behavior in the laboratory regardless of external climatic conditions change. The proposed approach has been designed through Xilinx System Generator (XSG) tools and MATLAB/Simulink environment and verified across cosimulation method. A real‐time test bench is built based on the implemented PV simulator with a closed loop control using proportional integral (PI) regulator, a direct current/direct current (DC/DC) buck converter and a resistive load. Experimental results are in agreement compared with simulation ones and prove the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed implementation method for allowing a good emulation of PV characteristics. From some experiments, the development of PV emulator constitutes an important challenge task in the PV energy field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic emulator based on PV simulator RT implementation using XSG tools for an FPGA control: Theory and experimentation

Moussa

Khedher

2019

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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“…Regarding photovoltaic sources, we could also mention some examples of high-power emulators, mostly targeting industrial applications with delivered power levels up to 3 kW [14,15].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Stability of a Hardware Compensation Mechanism for Embedded Energy Harvesting Emulators

Freschi¹,

Lattanzi²

2019

Computers

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The possibility of emulating renewable energy sources by means of portable, low-cost embedded devices is a key factor for the design and validation of ultra low-power networked embedded systems. Full characterisation of hardware-software platforms used for reliably and adaptively generating energy traces is therefore needed in order to clearly understand their adoption for testing energy harvesting devices or protocols. We investigate in this study a recently proposed embedded ultra-low power solution, which targets energy harvesting sources emulation with real-time responsiveness. The analyzed platform has been previously evaluated in terms of accuracy and reactiveness. However, given the presence of a positive feedback mechanism implemented by means of a compensation circuit, the possibility of unstable dynamics could hinder its applicability. It is therefore deemed interesting to delineate the conditions which guarantee the stability of the system. The aim of this article is to investigate the problem, to formally derive the electrical loads to be powered that allow for operate in a stable regime, and to experimentally assess properties in realistic scenarios. Theoretical and experimental results highlight the flexibility of the analyzed platform in terms of its capability to quickly adapt to changes in load conditions, while retaining bounded output dynamics.

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“…Finally, in the photovoltaic domain, there are a plethora of emulators for high power (up to 3000 W) solar panels such as [20,21] which are basically designed for industrial applications.…”

Section: Emulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast and accurate energy source emulator for wireless sensor networks

et al. 2016

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The capability to either minimize energy consumption in battery-operated devices, or to adequately exploit energy harvesting from various ambient sources, is central to the development and engineering of energy-neutral wireless sensor networks. However, the design of effective networked embedded systems targeting unlimited lifetime poses several challenges at different architectural levels. In particular, the heterogeneity, the variability, and the unpredictability of many energy sources, combined to changes in energy required by powered devices, make it difficult to obtain reproducible testing conditions, thus prompting the need of novel solutions addressing these issues. This paper introduces a novel embedded hardware-software solution aimed at emulating a wide spectrum of energy sources usually exploited to power sensor networks motes. The proposed system consists of a modular architecture featuring small factor form, low power requirements, and limited cost. An extensive experimental characterization confirms the validity of the embedded emulator in terms of flexibility, accuracy, and latency while a case study about the emulation of a lithium battery shows that the hardware-software platform does not introduce any measurable reduction of the accuracy of the model. The presented solution represents therefore a convenient solution for testing large-scale testbeds under realistic energy supply scenarios for wireless sensor networks.

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Programmable energy source emulator for photovoltaic panels considering partial shadow effect

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

Photovoltaic emulator based on PV simulator RT implementation using XSG tools for an FPGA control: Theory and experimentation

Photovoltaic emulator based on PV simulator RT implementation using XSG tools for an FPGA control: Theory and experimentation

On the Stability of a Hardware Compensation Mechanism for Embedded Energy Harvesting Emulators

A fast and accurate energy source emulator for wireless sensor networks

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