Programming of Obesity—Experimental Evidence

Breier, B. H.; Krechowec, Stefan O.; Vickers, Mark H.

doi:10.1007/0-387-32632-4_12

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies have established that C57BL/6J mice were susceptible to diet‐induced weight gain when fed a HFD (8). More refined studies demonstrated that responses of this inbred strain to HF feeding were not uniform (15,16,17,18). In accord with these previous observations the mice in our study on average became obese when exposed to the HFD, but there was significant individual variability in BW gain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nongenetic variation in the traits that predispose to weight gain on HFD feeding may come from programming of the offspring during either pregnancy or lactation (17). Despite being genetically identical C57BL/6J mice show a large variability in litter sizes (LS) (18), which is associated with large individual differences in BW at both birth and weaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors Predicting Nongenetic Variability in Body Weight Gain Induced by a High‐Fat Diet in Inbred C57BL/6J Mice

Zhang

Morgan

Clapham

et al. 2012

Obesity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inbred C57BL/6J mice displayed large individual variations in weight gain when fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). The objective of this study was to examine whether this predominantly nongenetic variability could be predicted by relevant baseline features and to explore whether variations in these significant features were influenced during pregnancy and/or lactation. Fat mass (FM), fat‐free mass (FFM), food intake (FI), resting metabolic rate (RMR), physical activity (PA), and body temperature (Tb) were all evaluated at baseline in 60 mice (aged 10–12 weeks) before HFD feeding. Regression analyses showed that baseline FM was a strong positive predictor of weight gain between 4 and 16 weeks of HFD. Baseline PA was negatively associated with weight gain at week 8, 12, and 16, and baseline FFM had a positive effect at week 12 and 16. In a second experiment, 40 female mice were mated and litter sizes (LS) were manipulated on day 3 of lactation. Weaning weight and postweaning growth rate (GR) had positive impacts on FM and FFM at age 9 weeks (FM, P = 0.001; FFM, P < 0.001: n = 97). Lactation LS had a negative effect on weaning weight and a positive effect on postweaning GR. In conclusion, our results show that obesity induced by HFD was associated with a higher baseline FM, a higher baseline FFM and a lower baseline PA level before the exposure of HFD. Two of these traits (FM and FFM) were influenced by lactation LS via weaning weight and postweaning GR.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Predicting Nongenetic Variability in Body Weight Gain Induced by a High‐Fat Diet in Inbred C57BL/6J Mice

Zhang

Morgan

Clapham

et al. 2012

Obesity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Long-lasting environmental and epigenetic effects are particularly likely if they occur during critical periods of development. This concept has led to growing recognition of the importance of “developmental programming,” “fetal programming,” “biological embedding,” and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHAD) hypothesis (Waterland and Garza 1999; Ross and Desai 2005; Breier et al 2006; Taylor and Poston 2007; Waterland and Michels 2007; Hanson and Gluckman 2008; McGowan et al 2008; Samuelsson et al 2008; Langley-Evans 2009; Metges 2009; Alfaradhi and Ozanne 2011; Sullivan et al 2011; Hertzman 2012; Bahls et al 2014; Grissom et al 2014; Ong and Muhlhausler 2014; Öst et al 2014; Barboza Solís et al 2015).…”

Section: Causes and Consequences Of Early-life Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these traits are potentially related to levels of physical activity (Garland, Jr. et al 2011b). Far fewer rodent studies address early-life effects on adult VE or SPA (Breier et al 2006; Dai et al 2012; Sun et al 2013) (see also Donovan et al 2013 on sheep).…”

Section: Early-life Effects On Adult Physical Activity In Humans and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Life Effects on Adult Physical Activity: Concepts, Relevance, and Experimental Approaches

Garland

Cadney

Waterland

2017

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Locomotion is a defining characteristic of animal life and plays a crucial role in most behaviors. Locomotion involves physical activity, which can have far-reaching effects on physiology and neurobiology, both acutely and chronically. In human populations and in laboratory rodents, higher levels of physical activity are generally associated with positive health outcomes, although excessive exercise can have adverse consequences. Whether and how such relationships occur in wild animals is unknown. Behavioral variation among individuals arises from genetic and environmental factors and their interactions as well as from developmental programming (persistent effects of early-life environment). Although tremendous progress has been made in identifying genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in behavior, early-life effects are not well understood. Early-life effects can in some cases persist across multiple generations following a single exposure and, in principle, may constrain or facilitate the rate of evolution at multiple levels of biological organization. Understanding the mechanisms of such transgenerational effects (e.g., exposure to stress hormones in utero, inherited epigenetic alterations) may prove crucial to explaining unexpected and/or sex-specific responses to selection as well as limits to adaptation. One area receiving increased attention is early-life effects on adult physical activity. Correlational data from epidemiological studies suggest that early-life nutritional stress can (adversely) affect adult human activity levels and associated physiological traits (e.g., body composition, metabolic health). The few existing studies of laboratory rodents demonstrate that both maternal and early-life exercise can affect adult levels of physical activity and related phenotypes. Going forward, rodents offer many opportunities for experimental studies of (multigenerational) early-life effects, including studies that use maternal exposures and cross-fostering designs.

show abstract

Programming of Obesity—Experimental Evidence

Cited by 2 publications

References 75 publications

Factors Predicting Nongenetic Variability in Body Weight Gain Induced by a High‐Fat Diet in Inbred C57BL/6J Mice

Factors Predicting Nongenetic Variability in Body Weight Gain Induced by a High‐Fat Diet in Inbred C57BL/6J Mice

Early-Life Effects on Adult Physical Activity: Concepts, Relevance, and Experimental Approaches

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About