Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease

Santosham, Mathuram; Chandran, Aruna; Fitzwater, Sean; Fischer-Walker, Christa; Baqui, Abdullah H; Black, Robert E.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60356-x

Cited by 215 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This responsibility is especially important because risk of death for children from severe watery diarrhea is greatest within the first 24 hours of illness. 24,25 Findings from this study suggest that refresher training should be offered to existing facility-based health workers. Given the heavy dependence of caregivers on the advice of the health care worker, education for future health workers on the therapeutic properties of and indications for ORS use should be strengthened, as should the importance of consistently prescribing and distributing ORS and how to communicate ORS preparation and administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Examining the Use of Oral Rehydration Salts and Other Oral Rehydration Therapy for Childhood Diarrhea in Kenya

Blum¹,

Oria²,

Olson³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Reductions in the use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in sub-Saharan Africa highlight the need to examine caregiver perceptions of ORT during diarrheal episodes. Qualitative research involving group discussions with childcare providers and in-depth interviews with 45 caregivers of children < 5 years of age who had experienced diarrhea was conducted in one rural and urban site in Kenya during July–December 2007. Diarrhea was considered a dangerous condition that can kill young children. Caregivers preferred to treat diarrhea with Western drugs believed to be more effective in stopping diarrhea than ORT. Inconsistent recommendations from health workers regarding use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) caused confusion about when ORS is appropriate and whether it requires a medical prescription. In the rural community, causal explanations about diarrhea, beliefs in herbal remedies, cost, and distance to health facilities presented additional barriers to ORS use. Health communication is needed to clarify the function of ORT in preventing dehydration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Examining the Use of Oral Rehydration Salts and Other Oral Rehydration Therapy for Childhood Diarrhea in Kenya

Blum¹,

Oria²,

Olson³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…23 New methods for prevention, management, and treatment of diarrhoea-including an improved oral rehydration formulation, zinc supplementation, and rotavirus vaccines-make now the time to revitalise efforts to reduce diarrhoea mortality worldwide. 50 The addition of zinc and prebiotics to ORS limits diarrhoea duration in children. 51 The incidence of diarrhoea showed a 13% reduction with preventive zinc supplementation.…”

Section: Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoeal Diseases in Developing Countries: A Situational Analysis

Kumar

Subitha

2013

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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Recent data showed that there is no much reduction in diarrhoea related morbidity in developing countries. This is important in view of the Millennium Developmental Goal (MDG) to be achieved by 2015. This study reviewed and analyzed after gathering the recent literature information from Pubmed, internet and other sources. The authors discussed public health issues related to diarrhoeal diseases that include problem burden, determinants, intervention strategies, management, prevention and recent developments for control of diarrhoea among under-five children in developing countries. The study emphasizes the need for strengthening of comprehensive diarrhoeal disease prevention strategy at primary level including improvement of water quality, hygiene and sanitation, along with provision of oral rehydration solution and zinc supplements, and research in the field of vaccine and cost effective interventions.

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“…3 With a high level of socioeconomic inequality, indicated by a regional mean Gini coefficient of 49 in 2010, 4 it should be no surprise that poor and indigenous communities in Mesoamerica bear a disproportionate health burden. 5 Most diarrheal deaths are due to dehydration, 6,7 and more than 90% of them can be prevented with use of oral rehydration solution (ORS). 8 However, despite the overwhelming evidence of its life-saving ability, 9 use of ORS has plateaued globally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 However, despite the overwhelming evidence of its life-saving ability, 9 use of ORS has plateaued globally. 6 Similarly, despite consistent evidence that it reduces stool frequency, diarrhea duration, and diarrhea recurrence, [10][11][12] zinc supplementation during and after diarrhea episodes is thought to be rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhea Prevalence, Care, and Risk Factors Among Poor Children Under 5 Years of Age in Mesoamerica

Colombara¹,

Hernández²,

McNellan³

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Care practices and risk factors for diarrhea among impoverished communities across Mesoamerica are unknown. Using Salud Mesoamérica Initiative baseline data, collected 2011-2013, we assessed the prevalence of diarrhea, adherence to evidence-based treatment guidelines, and potential diarrhea correlates in poor and indigenous communities across Mesoamerica. This study surveyed 14,500 children under 5 years of age in poor areas of El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas State), Nicaragua, and Panama. We compared diarrhea prevalence and treatment modalities using χ 2 tests and used multivariable Poisson regression models to calculate adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential correlates of diarrhea. The 2-week point prevalence of diarrhea was 13% overall, with significant differences between countries (P < 0.05). Approximately one-third of diarrheal children were given oral rehydration solution and less than 3% were given zinc. Approximately 18% were given much less to drink than usual or nothing to drink at all. Antimotility medication was given to 17% of diarrheal children, while antibiotics were inappropriately given to 36%. In a multivariable regression model, compared with children 0-5 months, those 6-23 months had a 49% increased risk for diarrhea (aRR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.15, 1.95). Our results call for programs to examine and remedy low adherence to evidence-based treatment guidelines.

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Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease

Cited by 215 publications

References 18 publications

Examining the Use of Oral Rehydration Salts and Other Oral Rehydration Therapy for Childhood Diarrhea in Kenya

Examining the Use of Oral Rehydration Salts and Other Oral Rehydration Therapy for Childhood Diarrhea in Kenya

Diarrhoeal Diseases in Developing Countries: A Situational Analysis

Diarrhea Prevalence, Care, and Risk Factors Among Poor Children Under 5 Years of Age in Mesoamerica

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