Progress and perspective of polymer white light-emitting devices and materials

Abstract

Within organic optoelectronics, polymer light-emitting devices (PLEDs) are regarded as an important class of devices which can convert electricity into light as a result of radiative decay taking place in semiconducting polymers. Recently, much effort has been devoted to developing efficient white emitting PLEDs for their potential applications in next-generation flat-panel displays and solid-state lighting sources. In this tutorial review, we will summarize the advances in white emitting polymers and devices published up till April 2009 by major prestigious institutions in this field. Special attention is paid to the recent progress in highly efficient devices realized by doping an electrophosphorescent guest into a polymer host and other approaches. Also we will summarize the new strategies to realize white emission with simultaneous fluorescent and/or phosphorescent emission from a single polymer in which singlet and/or triplet chromophores are incorporated into the polymer side or main chain through a covalent bond.

Colour-tunable fluorescent multiblock micelles

“…Physical separation of molecular emitters is typically required to achieve full-colour fluorescence, or dominant emission from the fluorophore with the lowest band gap is observed. Because of the difficulty in achieving such an arrangement, most strategies for obtaining full-colour emission have focused on precisely tuning the mixing ratios of dyes that experience some degree of energy transfer 35,36 , a process that is both time consuming and difficult to reproduce. We have therefore investigated an alternative approach involving the concurrent self-assembly of BCPs 1-3 into nanostructures doped with low concentrations of fluorescent dye, which offers an opportunity for facile reproduction of any colour within the gamut of the three primary colours (Fig.…”

“…Significantly, this method can be used to produce nanostructures exhibiting high quality white light emission, as micelles formed from a 1.03:0.75:1 ratio of polymers 1:2:3 exhibit luminescence with chromaticity coordinates of (0.33, 0.33). White light-emitting systems have long posed a challenge on the molecular scale and are of significant interest because of their potential uses in full-colour displays and lighting sources [35][36][37] . Finally, by mathematical prediction of the required polymer composition (see Methods section), we have prepared luminescent micelles with a chromaticity matching that of the D65 standard illuminant (0.31271, 0.32902), a common reference for the emission colour of daylight.…”

Solution-Processed Blue/Deep Blue and White Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PhOLEDs) Hosted by a Polysiloxane Derivative with Pendant mCP (1,3-bis(9-carbazolyl)benzene)

“…Techniques that use Solution-processing, such as spin-coating or inkjet-printing, are more promising with respect to the reduction of fabrication costs and the realization of large-area displays for simple device configurations. [16][17][18] Polymeric hosts are particularly suitable for solution processing technologies. This is driving academia and industry to develop new more efficient polymer hosts, and is a motivation for the current work.…”

Roll‐to‐Roll fabrication of large area functional organic materials

“…[101][102][103][104] OLEDs in general are widely explored and are already in use for display and lighting applications. The layer structure of PLEDs is almost identical to organic solar cells with a light-emitting layer instead of a light-absorbing layer as seen in Figure 5.…”