Progress in microwave pyrolysis conversion of agricultural waste to value-added biofuels: A batch to continuous approach

Ge, Shengbo; Yek, Peter Nai Yuh; Cheng, Yoke Wang; Xia, Changlei; Mahari, Wan Adibah Wan; Liew, Rock Keey; Peng, Wanxi; Yuan, Tong‐Qi; Tabatabaei, Meisam; Aghbashlo, Mortaza; Sonne, Christian; Lam, Su Shiung

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110148

Cited by 254 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…Commercial plants of pyrolysis and combustion for waste-toenergy are available at industrial scale (Foong et al 2020c;Pio et al 2020), while gasification plant is comparatively limited. Despite that these technologies are commercially available, the research work on optimization and exploration of its further potential is still undergoing vigorously (Ge et al 2020(Ge et al , 2021Gutiérrez et al 2020;Hameed et al 2021;Liew et al 2018b;Ma et al 2019;Pedrazzi et al 2019). Among these, gasification is getting increasing attention due to its capability in producing higher yield of cleaner gaseous fuel such as hydrogen and syngas than combustion and pyrolysis (Jiang et al 2019).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

et al. 2021

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Dwindling fossil fuels and improper waste management are major challenges in the context of increasing population and industrialization, calling for new waste-to-energy sources. For instance, refuse-derived fuels can be produced from transformation of municipal solid waste, which is forecasted to reach 2.6 billion metric tonnes in 2030. Gasification is a thermalinduced chemical reaction that produces gaseous fuel such as hydrogen and syngas. Here, we review refuse-derived fuel gasification with focus on practices in various countries, recent progress in gasification, gasification modelling and economic analysis. We found that some countries that replace coal by refuse-derived fuel reduce CO 2 emission by 40%, and decrease the amount municipal solid waste being sent to landfill by more than 50%. The production cost of energy via refuse-derived fuel gasification is estimated at 0.05 USD/kWh. Co-gasification by using two feedstocks appears more beneficial over conventional gasification in terms of minimum tar formation and improved process efficiency.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

et al. 2021

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“…Pyrolysis is also a promising thermochemical valorization technique for producing biofuels from forest waste at moderate temperatures (typically between 300 and 1,300°C) (Aghbashlo et al, 2019;Yek et al, 2020) During this process, the feedstock's chemical structure faces fundamental changes (Foong et al, 2020;Ge et al, 2021). Generally, pyrolysis is known as the method with the ability to produce a variety of solid, liquid, and gaseous products depending on pyrolysis conditions (Aghbashlo et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Conversion Of Forest Biomass Into Liquid Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on the Conversion of Forest Biomass into Bioenergy

Qian

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

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Biomass plays a crucial role in mitigating the concerns associated with increasing fossil fuel combustion. Among various types of biomass, forest biomass has attracted considerable attention given its abundance and variations. In this work, an overview is presented on different pathways available to convert forest biomass into bioenergy. Direct use of forest biomass could reduce carbon dioxide emissions associated with conventional energy production systems. However, there are certain drawbacks to the direct use of forest biomass, such as low energy conversion rate and soot emissions and residues. Also, lack of continuous access to biomass is a severe concern in the long-term sustainability of direct electricity generation by forest biomass. To solve this problem, co-combustion with coal, as well as pelletizing of biomass, are recommended. The co-combustion of forest biomass and coal could reduce carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfide emissions of the process. Forest biomass can also be converted into various liquid and gaseous biofuels through biochemical and thermochemical processes, which are reviewed and discussed herein. Despite the favorable features of forest biomass conversion processes to bioenergy, their long-term sustainability should be more extensively scrutinized by future studies using advanced sustainability assessment tools such as life cycle assessment, exergy, etc.

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“…[ 29 ] The carbon‐based materials are transformed to AC via thermal treatments of carbonization (pyrolysis/hydrothermal carbonization) under controlled inert atmosphere to eliminate the noncarbon portion and produce carbon‐rich BC, [ 30 ] followed by the activation steps to intensify the porosity (pore enlargement). [ 31 ] The activation process can be conducted chemically or physically under different activation conditions. For chemical activation which prone to be performed at 400–700 °C, the biochar is impregnated with various types of the activating agents, such as acidic (e.g., ZnCl 2 , H 3 PO 4 ), [ 32 ] alkali (e.g., NaOH, KOH), [12b,29] or neutral (e.g., K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 ) compounds.…”

Section: Sulfonated Carbon‐based Catalysts For Biodiesel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐Art of the Synthesis and Applications of Sulfonated Carbon‐Based Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: a Review

Chong¹,

Cheng²,

Lam

et al. 2021

Energy Tech

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Sulfonated carbon‐based catalysts (SCC) are favorable heterogeneous acids for acid‐catalyzed reactions including esterification and transesterification for biodiesel production. They are covalently functionalized with SO3H groups via CPhSO3H or CSO3H linkages with special carbon structures. To date, the types of SCC for biodiesel production ranges from biochar (BC), activated carbon (AC), graphene, graphite oxides, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, order mesoporous carbon, and graphitic carbon nitride. Lignocellulosic and biomass wastes are important carbon precursors for low‐cost BC and AC production. This review critically reviews and summarizes the most up‐to‐date research progress in the evolution of SCC for biodiesel production. Systematic discussions and comparisons on the different carbon materials, preparation methods, and sulfonation preparation parameters which directly affect the physicochemical attributes and catalytic performance are provided. The applications and reusability studies of these materials in biodiesel production are also included. Finally, the challenges to be addressed and future prospects of the research direction on the applications of SCC for biodiesel production are discussed.

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Progress in microwave pyrolysis conversion of agricultural waste to value-added biofuels: A batch to continuous approach

Cited by 254 publications

References 172 publications

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

An Overview on the Conversion of Forest Biomass into Bioenergy

State‐of‐the‐Art of the Synthesis and Applications of Sulfonated Carbon‐Based Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: a Review

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