Progress in Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Based on PVDF Composite Films

Abstract

In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of energy harvesting to satisfy increasing needs for portable, sustainable, and renewable energy. Among piezoelectric materials, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers are the most promising materials for piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) due to their unique electroactivity, high flexibility, good machinability, and long–term stability. So far, PVDF–based PENGs have made remarkable progress. In this paper, the effects of the existence of various nanofillers, including organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites, inorganic lead halide perovskites, perovskite–type oxides, semiconductor piezoelectric materials, two–dimensional layered materials, and ions, in PVDF and its copolymer structure on their piezoelectric response and energy–harvesting properties are reviewed. This review will enable researchers to understand the piezoelectric mechanisms of the PVDF–based composite–film PENGs, so as to effectively convert environmental mechanical stimulus into electrical energy, and finally realize self–powered sensors or high–performance power sources for electronic devices.

Comprehensive Study of Physicochemical Properties in Poly‐(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes Loaded with OPEFB's Lignin/ Lignosulfonate via Phase Inversion

“…The presence of lignin/lignosulfonate in the dope solution likely leads to the reorientation of the γ phase structure during nucleation, as it is more polar than the α phase. The formation of the γ phase is related to the π electrons in the aromatic rings of lignin/ lignosulfonate [12,50] . These π electrons can attract some dipole −CH 2 − groups and repel some dipole −CF 2 − groups from the PVDF backbone, forming TTTG conformation (γ phase).…”

A review on polymers and their composites for flexible electronics

“…30,31 The energy collection output power of flexible nanogenerators is in the range of milliwatts, 32 which can only drive low-cost electronic equipment. 33,34 Thus, it is necessary to further improve the energy conversion efficiency and output voltage capacity of piezoelectric polymers. Next, transparent plastic substrates such as PI and PET in flexible display devices all belong to non-crosslinked polymer materials from the viewpoint of molecular architecture.…”

Strategies Involved in Enhancing the Capacitive Energy Storage Characteristics of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Based Flexible Composites

“…[14] Some research groups have already reviewed the current trend of research on PVDF-based composites focusing on dielectric, [129] mechanical energy harvesting, piezoelectric vibration sensing, and many other applications. [138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147] Detail energy storage characteristics of ferroelectric polymer-based composites have also been previously reviewed by other researchers. [15,16,148] But, many review articles are not available till date regarding the energy storage applications of PVDF-based composites only.…”

“…Though there are some interesting review articles regarding the dielectric and energy storage characteristics of flexible energy storage devices, [128–137] the review articles on particularly PVDF based composites are very less in numbers [14] . Some research groups have already reviewed the current trend of research on PVDF‐based composites focusing on dielectric, [129] mechanical energy harvesting, piezoelectric vibration sensing, and many other applications [138–147] . Detail energy storage characteristics of ferroelectric polymer‐based composites have also been previously reviewed by other researchers [15,16,148] .…”