Progress in Vaccine-Preventable and Respiratory Infectious Diseases—First 10 Years of the CDC National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, 2006–2015

Abstract

The need for closer linkages between scientific and programmatic areas focused on addressing vaccine-preventable and acute respiratory infections led to establishment of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. During its first 10 years (2006–2015), NCIRD worked with partners to improve preparedness and response to pandemic influenza and other emergent respiratory infections, provide an evidence base for addition of 7 newly recommended vaccines, and modernize vaccine distribution. Clinical tools were developed for improved conversations with parents, which helped sustain childhood immunization as a social norm. Coverage increased for vaccines to protect adolescents against pertussis, meningococcal meningitis, and human papillomavirus–associated cancers. NCIRD programs supported outbreak response for new respiratory pathogens and oversaw response of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic. Other national public health institutes might also find closer linkages between epidemiology, laboratory, and immunization programs useful.

Comparative Performance of the Luminex NxTAG Respiratory Pathogen Panel, GenMark eSensor Respiratory Viral Panel, and BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel

“…Acute respiratory infections continue to be major drivers of health care visits in the United States. While overall mortality rates due to influenza and pneumonia have been decreasing ( 1 ), the burden of respiratory illness in the United States remains significant and will remain so as mitigation strategies, such as masking, decline from initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic efforts. In the pre-COVID-19 era, viral infections were detected in 69% of adults and 90% of children hospitalized for community-associated pneumonia ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Factors Influencing Uptake of Changes to Clinical Preventive Guidelines

“…[3][4][5] Meanwhile, overscreening of breast, cervical, and prostate cancer, underscreening of lung cancer, and suboptimal vaccination rates continue to put patients at harm. [4][5][6][7] Many factors have been shown to influence guideline uptake, such as guideline characteristics (eg, ease of implementation, guideline clarity), clinician familiarity with guidelines and evidence, and patient comorbidities or awareness of need. 8,9 Interventions targeting these barriers, such as clinician and patient education or system-level changes like alerts or team-based care, have been shown effective in increasing guideline uptake.…”

Vaccine-Induced Developmental Delay: A Case Report

“…With an increasing number of infectious diseases as well as resistant strains, the need for a preventive strategy is a must [10]. However, apart from these active constituents, the vaccine contains one or more of excipients, and once the vaccine enters one's fluid system, a cascade of immunological responses takes place.…”