Progress of energy system with chemical-looping combustion

Chemical looping beyond combustion – a perspective

“…23 However, besides the limitations from the lack of global policies on fighting global warming via carbon capture and storage (CCS)-related technologies, the lack of fundamental understanding and absence of effective strategies to design and optimize the reaction intermediates, also known as (oxygen) carriers, have largely hindered the research progress in the ''pre-CLC'' era. We note that the extensive investigation of the CLC technology [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] has built up significant background knowledge and fundamental insights for potential breakthroughs in chemical looping applications well beyond combustion and power generation. 24,25,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] It is, therefore, not too surprising to see that the extension of the chemical looping strategy has drawn significant attention over the past decade.…”

“…Although there have been quite a few excellent reviews and books covering the topic of chemical looping, they tend to focus on CLC [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and, in some cases, chemical looping reforming (CLR) both with and without being integrated with CO 2 or H 2 O splitting. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] A recent review by Zeng et al 21 provided comprehensive discussions of the various aspects of chemical looping including chemical looping for the production of chemicals.…”

Effects of particle cloud extinction on synthesis gas reduction of metal oxides in chemical looping reactors

“…Chemical looping is one of several emerging low emission technology options for productions of fuels, chemicals and electricity [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The interest in chemical looping originates from the fact that it can be designed in such a manner that the energy and exergy losses of the overall process are minimised while allowing the separation of the undesired products (e.g.…”

“…CO 2 ) generated from the reactions to be accomplished with ease. This, in turn, results in an overall process which is energy efficient, economical, and has a low emission footprint [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…However, the key to successful implementation of any chemical looping based process is recognition of the fact that sub-reactions ought to be coupled in a fully integrated manner. This can be best achieved by shuttling the particles of a metallic oxide oxygen carrier such as NiO, CuO, and Fe 2 O 3 (or alternatively a CO 2 scavenger like CaO) between the relevant reactors [1][2][3][4][5]. It is, therefore, not surprising that much of the literature on chemical looping has been devoted to studies concerning metal oxides and their redox characteristics in a range of different chemical looping systems.…”