“…First, we searched the online databases JSTOR and Google Scholar for historical studies with both progressive and race in the title, abstract, or main manuscript. Excluding historical studies that were not centrally about race (e.g., Weiler, 2006;Semel, 2002), we initially identified 10 studies (e.g., Fallace, 2015a;Goodenow, 1975Goodenow, , 1978aGoodenow, , 1978bGoodenow, , 1981Goodchild, 2012;Perlstein, 1996Perlstein, , 2019Snyder, 2015;Vaughan, 2018). Second, based on our reading of these works, we searched these databases for historical studies of cultural gifts and intercultural education because historians have identified these as the most significant pedagogical programs on race during the progressive period (e.g., Bohan, 2007;Burkholder, 2011;Johnson & Pak, 2019;Montalto, 1982;Selig, 2008).…”