Projection of the vestibular nerve to the area 3a arm field in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri Sciureus)

Ödkvist, Lars; Schwarz, D. W. F.; Fredrickson, John M.; Häßler, R.

doi:10.1007/bf00234260

Cited by 258 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In somatosensory cortex vestibular stimulations activate the anterior tip of the intraparietal sulcus [50,85,94,112] and the primary somatosensory cortex, near the central sulcus [20,47,50,100]. These regions represent probably the human homologue of two monkey areas that have been found to integrate vestibular and somatosensory information: area 2v, at the base of the intraparietal sulcus [53] and area 3av at the hand/arm and neck/trunk representations [66,96]. Another vestibular area has been described in the posterior parietal cortex and was activated during caloric and galvanic vestibular stimulations particularly in the intraparietal sulcus [50,85,112] and superior parietal lobule [118].…”

Section: The Vestibular Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body ownership and embodiment: Vestibular and multisensory mechanisms

Lopez

Halje

Blanke

2008

Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology

236

163

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Summary Body ownership and embodiment are two fundamental mechanisms of selfconsciousness. The present article reviews neurological data about paroxysmal illusions during which body ownership and embodiment are affected differentially: autoscopic phenomena (out-of-body experience, heautoscopy, autoscopic hallucination, feeling-of-a-presence) and the room tilt illusion. We suggest that autoscopic phenomena and room tilt illusion are related to different types of failures to integrate body-related information (vestibular, proprioceptive and tactile cues) in addition to a mismatch between vestibular and visual references. In these patients, altered body ownership and embodiment has been shown to occur due to pathological activity at the temporoparietal junction and other vestibular-related areas arguing for a key importance of vestibular processing. We also review the possibilities of manipulating body ownership and embodiment in healthy subjects through exposition to weightlessness as well as caloric and galvanic stimulation of the peripheral vestibular apparatus. In healthy subjects, disturbed self-processing might be related to interference of vestibular stimulation with vestibular cortex leading to disintegration of bodily information and altered body ownership and embodiment. We finally propose a differential contribution of the vestibular cortical areas to the different forms of altered body ownership and embodiment. Résumé L'attribution du corps propre et de ses éléments constitutifs (body ownership), ainsi que le sentiment d'incarnation (embodiment) -le fait d'habiter ce corps, d'être localisé dans les limites physiques de ce corps -, sont deux éléments fondamentaux de la conscience de soi. Nous faisons ici la synthèse de données issues de la neurologie montrant que des manifestations paroxystiques telles que les phénomènes autoscopiques (expérience de sortie du corps, héautoscopie, hallucination autoscopique, sensation de présence) et l'illusion de bascule de l'environnement (room tilt illusion) se caractérisent par une atteinte différentielle des mécanismes d'attribution du corps propre et du sentiment d'incarnation. Nous faisons l'hypothèse que les différents phénomènes autoscopiques et l'illusion de bascule de l'environnement se caractérisent par différents patrons de déficits d'intégration des informations sensorielles corporelles (informations visuelles, musculaires proprioceptives et tactiles) combinés à une perte de cohérence entre les références visuelles et vestibulaires. Chez les patients souffrant de phénomènes autoscopiques, les déficits d'attribution du corps propre et du sentiment d'incarnation ont été liés à un dysfonctionnement au niveau de la jonction temporopariétale et d'autres régions corticales recevant des informations vestibulaires, suggérant une contribution importante des afférences vestibulaires dans les mécanismes de la conscience de soi. Nous rapportons également des données de la littérature recueillies chez des sujets sains suggérant la possibilité de manipuler l'attribution ...

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Section: The Vestibular Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body ownership and embodiment: Vestibular and multisensory mechanisms

Lopez

Halje

Blanke

2008

Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology

236

163

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“…Some cortical vestibular signals may originate through corticocortical connections Stanton et al, 1995;Lewis and Van Essen, 2000), but ultimately these signals must reach cortex via the thalamus. Among these vestibular cortical regions are portions of the retroinsular cortex [parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PIVC)] (Grüsser et al, 1990a,b), and the neck regions of area 3a of primary somatosensory cortex (3aV) (Fredrickson et al, 1966;Schwarz and Fredrickson, 1971a,b;Odkvist et al, 1974;Büttner and Buettner, 1978;Guldin et al, 1992). In squirrel monkeys, 3aV receives projections from rostral and dorsal VPL (designated VPLo and VPLs by Akbarian et al, 1992), whereas PIVC receives its main thalamic input from caudal VPL and from the pulvinar .…”

Section: Vestibular Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Signals in Primate Thalamus: Properties and Origins

Hui¹,

May²,

Dickman³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

131

162

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“…Interestingly, this pattern of dominant ipsilateral projections does not confirm the knowledge obtained from animal data. Although bilateral projections have been reported in animals, electrophysiological recordings have in general stressed contralateral projections to the cerebral cortex, with stronger vestibular-evoked potentials on the side contralateral to the stimulation (Ö dkvist et al, 1974;Ebata et al, 2004). In addition, the laterality of the cortical projections for the vestibular system differs from the strongly lateralized contralateral pathways in the visual and somatosensory systems (Squire et al, 2008).…”

Section: Laterality Of Vestibular Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human vestibular cortex revealed by coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

2012

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Abstract-The vestibular system contributes to the control of posture and eye movements and is also involved in various cognitive functions including spatial navigation and memory. These functions are subtended by projections to a vestibular cortex, whose exact location in the human brain is still a matter of debate . The vestibular cortex can be defined as the network of all cortical areas receiving inputs from the vestibular system, including areas where vestibular signals influence the processing of other sensory (e.g. somatosensory and visual) and motor signals. Previous neuroimaging studies used caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS), galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS), and auditory stimulation (clicks and short-tone bursts) to activate the vestibular receptors and localize the vestibular cortex. However, these three methods differ regarding the receptors stimulated (otoliths, semicircular canals) and the concurrent activation of the tactile, thermal, nociceptive and auditory systems. To evaluate the convergence between these methods and provide a statistical analysis of the localization of the human vestibular cortex, we performed an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) metaanalysis of neuroimaging studies using CVS, GVS, and auditory stimuli. We analyzed a total of 352 activation foci reported in 16 studies carried out in a total of 192 healthy participants. The results reveal that the main regions activated by CVS, GVS, or auditory stimuli were located in the Sylvian fissure, insula, retroinsular cortex, fronto-parietal operculum, superior temporal gyrus, and cingulate cortex. Conjunction analysis indicated that regions showing convergence between two stimulation methods were located in the median (short gyrus III) and posterior (long gyrus IV) insula, parietal operculum and retroinsular cortex (Ri). The only area of convergence between all three methods of stimulation was located in Ri. The data indicate that Ri, parietal operculum and posterior insula are vestibular regions where afferents converge from otoliths and semicircular canals, and may thus be involved in the processing of signals informing about body rotations, translations and tilts. Results from the meta-analysis are in agreement with electrophysiological recordings in monkeys showing main vestibular projections in the transitional zone between Ri, the insular granular field (Ig), and SII. Ó

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Projection of the vestibular nerve to the area 3a arm field in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri Sciureus)

Cited by 258 publications

References 20 publications

Body ownership and embodiment: Vestibular and multisensory mechanisms

Body ownership and embodiment: Vestibular and multisensory mechanisms

Vestibular Signals in Primate Thalamus: Properties and Origins

The human vestibular cortex revealed by coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

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