Prolactin induces phosphorylation of the STAT5 in adrenal glands of Hatano rats during stress

Jaroenporn, Sukanya; Nagaoka, Kentaro; Ohta, Ryo; Watanabe, Gen; Taya, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2009.05.011

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previous studies employing a range of techniques, including immunohistochemistry, radioligand binding, in situ hybridisation and the reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, have indicated that prolactin receptors are expressed in the adrenal cortex of a number of species . Our finding that an acute period of restraint stress increased pSTAT5 staining in the adrenal cortex is consistent with an earlier study using western blot analysis and provides additional anatomical information. The pSTAT5 response observed in the present study is predominantly localised to the glucocorticoid producing zona fasciculata, although, intriguingly, the outer zona glomerulosa appears to express a level of pSTAT5 staining, which, although sensitive to bromocriptine pretreatment, was not increased by stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Restraint stress increases prolactin‐mediated phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in the hypothalamus and adrenal cortex in the male mouse

Kirk

Xie

Steyn

et al. 2017

J Neuroendocrinology

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Prolactin is a pleiotropic peptide hormone produced by the lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary. Its rate of secretion is primarily regulated by a negative-feedback mechanism where prolactin stimulates the activity of the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurones, increasing their release of dopamine, which accesses the pituitary via the median eminence to suppress further prolactin secretion. In addition to its well established role in lactation, circulating prolactin is secreted in response to stress, although the mechanism by which this is achieved or its cellular targets remains unknown. In the present study, we show that 15 minutes of restraint stress causes an approximately seven-fold increase in circulating prolactin concentration in male mice. Monitoring prolactin receptor activation, using immunohistochemistry to determine the level and distribution of tyrosine phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (pSTAT5), we show that this stress-induced increase in prolactin interacts with both central and peripheral targets. Restraint stress for 15 minutes significantly increased pSTAT5 staining in the arcuate nucleus, median eminence and the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. In each case, this response was prevented by pretreating the animals with bromocriptine to block prolactin secretion from the pituitary. Interestingly, in contrast to many cells in the arcuate nucleus, stress reduced pSTAT5 staining of the TIDA neurones (identified by dual-labelling for tyrosine hydroxylase). This suggests that there is reduced prolactin signalling in these cells and thus potentially a decline in their inhibitory influence on prolactin secretion. These results provide evidence that prolactin secreted in response to acute stress is sufficient to activate prolactin receptors in selected target tissues known to be involved in the physiological adaptation to stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Restraint stress increases prolactin‐mediated phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in the hypothalamus and adrenal cortex in the male mouse

Kirk

Xie

Steyn

et al. 2017

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…There are studies showing that combining rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, with an EGFR inhibitor improves the clinical outcome in a small number of patients with recurrent GBM brain tumor [40–42]. The STAT5 regulation by Prl observed in this study confirms previous studies [43, 44] and activation of this transcription factor seems of particular relevance for glioma cells. STAT5 is a transcription factor that is activated by Prl and phosphorylation of this protein has an anti-apoptotic role in cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Stimulation of prolactin receptor induces STAT-5 phosphorylation and cellular invasion in glioblastoma multiforme

Alkharusi

Landázuri

et al. 2016

Oncotarget

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in humans and is characterized with poor outcome. In this study, we investigated components of prolactin (Prl) system in cell models of GBM and in histological tissue sections obtained from GBM patients. Expression of Prolactin receptor (PrlR) was detected at high levels in U251-MG, at low levels in U87-MG and barely detectable in U373 cell lines and in 66% of brain tumor tissues from 32 GBM patients by immunohistochemical technique. In addition, stimulation of U251-MG and U87-MG cells but not U373 with Prl resulted in increased STAT5 phosphorylation and only in U251-MG cells with increased cellular invasion. Furthermore, STAT5 phosphorylation and cellular invasion induced in Prl stimulated cells were significantly reduced by using a Prl receptor antagonist that consists of Prl with four amino acid replacements. We conclude that Prl receptor is expressed at different levels in the majority of GBM tumors and that blocking of PrlR in U251-MG cells significantly reduce cellular invasion.

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“…The major source of PRL is the anterior pituitary gland, and its major functions during mammalian gestation are development of the mammary glands and stimulation of milk production. PRL secretion is stimulated by several environmental factors including pregnancy, suckling stimulation and stress [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12].Reproductive endocrinology including secretion of PRL has been studied in elephants previously [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, many mysteries, such as the source and the function of PRL during pregnancy, still remain.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Secretory Pattern and Source of Immunoreactive Prolactin in Pregnant African (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) and Asian (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) Elephants

Yamamoto

Yuto

et al. 2012

J. Reprod. Dev.

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Abstract. The objective of the present study was to define the secretion of prolactin (PRL) in pregnant African and Asian elephants. Levels of immunoreactive (ir-) PRL in serum and placental homogenates were measured by a heterologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) based on an ovine and human RIA system, and the localization of ir-PRL in the placenta was detected by immunohistochemistry using anti-human PRL. Circulating ir-PRL clearly showed a biphasic pattern during pregnancy in African and Asian elephants. Serum levels of ir-PRL started to increase from the 4 -6th month of gestation and reached the first peak level around the 11-14th month. A second peak of circulating ir-PRL levels was observed around the 18-20th month of gestation followed by an abrupt decline after parturition. In contrast, in a case of abortion of an African elephant, the second peak of ir-PRL was not observed, and the levels remained low for about four months until parturition. The weight of the fetus delivered at the 17th month of gestation was 23.5 kg, which was quite small compared with normal fetuses in previous reports. Ir-PRL was detected in placental homogenates, and immunolocalization was observed in trophoblasts in both the African and Asian elephants, indicating that the placenta is the source of ir-PRL during pregnancy in elephants. The present results clearly demonstrated that circulating ir-PRL shows a biphasic pattern during normal pregnancy and that the placenta appears to be an important source of circulating ir-PRL during pregnancy in both African and Asian elephants. Key words: Female elephant, Fetal growth, Placenta, Pregnancy, Prolactin (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [105][106][107][108][109][110][111] 2012) G estation and parturition are dramatic events for a female animal. The secretion of prolactin (PRL) shows remarkable changes during gestation and at parturition in many species [1][2][3][4][5]. The major source of PRL is the anterior pituitary gland, and its major functions during mammalian gestation are development of the mammary glands and stimulation of milk production. PRL secretion is stimulated by several environmental factors including pregnancy, suckling stimulation and stress [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12].Reproductive endocrinology including secretion of PRL has been studied in elephants previously [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, many mysteries, such as the source and the function of PRL during pregnancy, still remain. It is known that PRL is derived from the placenta in humans and rats [2,[23][24][25][26]. Placentation begins at the second to third month after ovulation in elephants [27]. The placenta ultimately forms a zonary shape, and its weight at term ranges from 8.3 to 22.2 kg in elephants [28].The objectives of the present study were to investigate the secretory pattern of immunoreactive (ir-) PRL in pregnant elephants. In addition, the immunoreactivity of ir-PRL was detected in the term placental tissues of both of African and Asian elephants by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry. Materi...

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Prolactin induces phosphorylation of the STAT5 in adrenal glands of Hatano rats during stress

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Restraint stress increases prolactin‐mediated phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in the hypothalamus and adrenal cortex in the male mouse

Restraint stress increases prolactin‐mediated phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in the hypothalamus and adrenal cortex in the male mouse

Stimulation of prolactin receptor induces STAT-5 phosphorylation and cellular invasion in glioblastoma multiforme

The Secretory Pattern and Source of Immunoreactive Prolactin in Pregnant African (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) and Asian (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) Elephants

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