Proline accumulation in plants: a review

Verbruggen, Nathalie; Hermans, Christian

doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0061-6

Cited by 1,572 publications

(1,018 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The increased expression of the key gene for Pro synthesis, together with the accumulation of Pro, was shown previously to be strongly associated with plant responses to abiotic stress and environmental cues (for review, see Verbruggen and Hermans, 2008). In addition to higher Pro in SSE seeds, the level of soluble Pro was also increased in AtD-CGS-expressing tobacco seeds, where it was the only amino acid whose soluble level increased .…”

Section: High Expression Levels Of Atd-cgs Induce Typical Stress-assomentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This suggests a strong relationship between Met metabolism and Pro in seeds. One possible explanation for this connection might be that Pro is able to balance cell redox status (Verbruggen and Hermans, 2008); therefore, it is accumulated to cope with the altered redox state that might occur in SSE seeds due to the lower GSH contents. Another option is that Pro is accumulated as part of the metabolic stress phenotype in SSE seeds (Alla et al, 2012), and it is not directly related to Met metabolism.…”

Section: High Expression Levels Of Atd-cgs Induce Typical Stress-assomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed-Specific Expression of a Feedback-Insensitive Form of CYSTATHIONINE-γ-SYNTHASE in Arabidopsis Stimulates Metabolic and Transcriptomic Responses Associated with Desiccation Stress

et al. 2014

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and Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 11016, Israel (R.A.) With an aim to elucidate novel metabolic and transcriptional interactions associated with methionine (Met) metabolism in seeds, we have produced transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds expressing a feedback-insensitive form of CYSTATHIONINEg-SYNTHASE, a key enzyme of Met synthesis. Metabolic profiling of these seeds revealed that, in addition to higher levels of Met, the levels of many other amino acids were elevated. The most pronounced changes were the higher levels of stress-related amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, and proline), sugars, intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and polyamines and lower levels of polyols, cysteine, and glutathione. These changes reflect stress responses and an altered mitochondrial energy metabolism. The transgenic seeds also had higher contents of total proteins and starch but lower water contents. In accordance with the metabolic profiles, microarray analysis identified a strong induction of genes involved in defense mechanisms against osmotic and drought conditions, including those mediated by the signaling cascades of ethylene and abscisic acid. These changes imply that stronger desiccation processes occur during seed development. The expression levels of transcripts controlling the levels of Met, sugars, and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites were also significantly elevated. Germination assays showed that the transgenic seeds had higher germination rates under salt and osmotic stresses and in the presence of ethylene substrate and abscisic acid. However, under oxidative conditions, the transgenic seeds displayed much lower germination rates. Altogether, the data provide new insights on the factors regulating Met metabolism in Arabidopsis seeds and on the mechanisms by which elevated Met levels affect seed composition and behavior.

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Section: High Expression Levels Of Atd-cgs Induce Typical Stress-assomentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: High Expression Levels Of Atd-cgs Induce Typical Stress-assomentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed-Specific Expression of a Feedback-Insensitive Form of CYSTATHIONINE-γ-SYNTHASE in Arabidopsis Stimulates Metabolic and Transcriptomic Responses Associated with Desiccation Stress

et al. 2014

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“…APX is one of the most important ROS-scavenging enzymes in plants (Pitzschke et al, 2006). Pro accumulation is a common plant response to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses (Verbruggen and Hermans, 2008). The TaCHP expressors tended to accumulate less Pro than the control lines (Fig.…”

Section: Tachp Enhances Salinity Tolerance By Acting On Antioxidationmentioning

confidence: 96%

TaCHP: A Wheat Zinc Finger Protein Gene Down-Regulated by Abscisic Acid and Salinity Stress Plays a Positive Role in Stress Tolerance

Zhao

et al. 2010

Plant Physiology

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The plant response to abiotic stresses involves both abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. Here we describe TaCHP, a CHP-rich (for cysteine, histidine, and proline rich) zinc finger protein family gene extracted from bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), is differentially expressed during abiotic stress between the salinity-sensitive cultivar Jinan 177 and its tolerant somatic hybrid introgression cultivar Shanrong No.3. TaCHP expressed in the roots of seedlings at the three-leaf stage, and the transcript localized within the cells of the root tip cortex and meristem. TaCHP transcript abundance was higher in Shanrong No.3 than in Jinan 177, but was reduced by the imposition of salinity or drought stress, as well as by the exogenous supply of ABA. When JN17, a salinity hypersensitive wheat cultivar, was engineered to overexpress TaCHP, its performance in the face of salinity stress was improved, and the ectopic expression of TaCHP in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) also improved the ability of salt tolerance. The expression level of a number of stress reporter genes (AtCBF3, AtDREB2A, AtABI2, and AtABI1) was raised in the transgenic lines in the presence of salinity stress, while that of AtMYB15, AtABA2, and AtAAO3 was reduced in its absence. The presence in the upstream region of the TaCHP open reading frame of the cis-elements ABRE, MYBRS, and MYCRS suggests that it is a component of the ABA-dependent and -independent signaling pathways involved in the plant response to abiotic stress. We suggest that TaCHP enhances stress tolerance via the promotion of CBF3 and DREB2A expression.

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“…The amino acid proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB), a quaternary amine, are probably the most common compatible solutes synthesised by plants as a response to abiotic stress (Ashraf and Foolad, 2007;Chen and Murata, 2008;Verbruggen and Hermans, 2008). As for other osmolytes, besides their role in osmoregulation, both compounds can act as 'low-molecular-weight chaperons', contributing to maintain the active conformation of macromolecules in stressed plants, and participate in detoxification of ROS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Salt and Water Stress on Plant Growth and on Accumulation of Osmolytes and Antioxidant Compounds in Cherry Tomato

Hassan

Fuertes

Sánchez

et al. 2015

Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj

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The effects of salt and water stress on growth and several stress markers were investigated in cherry tomato plants. Some growth parameters (stem length and number of leaves) and chlorophyll contents were determined every third day during plant growth, and leaf material was collected after 25 and 33 days of treatment. Both stresses inhibited plant growth; chlorophyll levels, however, decreased only in response to high NaCl concentrations. Proline contents largely increased in leaves of stressed plants, reaching levels high enough to play a major role in cellular osmotic adjustment. Despite reports indicating that tomato does not synthesize glycine betaine, the stress-induced accumulation of this osmolyte was detected in cherry tomato, albeit at lower concentration than that of proline. Therefore, it appears that the plants are able to synthesise glycine betaine as a secondary osmolyte under strong stress conditions. Total sugars levels, on the contrary, decreased in stress-treated plants. Both stress treatments caused secondary oxidative stress in the plants, as indicated by a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. Water stress led to an increase in total phenolics and flavonoid contents and a reduction of carotenoid levels in the leaves; flavonoids also increased under high salinity conditions.

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Proline accumulation in plants: a review

Cited by 1,572 publications

References 56 publications

Seed-Specific Expression of a Feedback-Insensitive Form of CYSTATHIONINE-γ-SYNTHASE in Arabidopsis Stimulates Metabolic and Transcriptomic Responses Associated with Desiccation Stress

Seed-Specific Expression of a Feedback-Insensitive Form of CYSTATHIONINE-γ-SYNTHASE in Arabidopsis Stimulates Metabolic and Transcriptomic Responses Associated with Desiccation Stress

TaCHP: A Wheat Zinc Finger Protein Gene Down-Regulated by Abscisic Acid and Salinity Stress Plays a Positive Role in Stress Tolerance

Effects of Salt and Water Stress on Plant Growth and on Accumulation of Osmolytes and Antioxidant Compounds in Cherry Tomato

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