Proline affects ACC to ethylene conversion under salt and water stresses in the halophyte, Allenrolfea occidentalis

Chrominski, A.; Halls, Steven C.; Weber, D. J.; Smith, Bruce N.

doi:10.1016/0098-8472(89)90010-5

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Further, they found that nitrogen maintained the production of proline by enhancing the activity of proline-metabolizing enzymes that protects the plants by regulating ethylene level [145]. Earlier, Chrominski et al [152] reported increased conversion of ACC into ethylene upon salt and water stress in Allenrolfea occidentalis and later found that exogenous application of proline balances the level of ethylene under such conditions.…”

Section: Role Of Ethylene In Regulation Of Osmolytes Under Abioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

et al. 2019

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Plants face a variety of abiotic stresses, which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately obstruct normal growth and development of plants. To prevent cellular damage caused by oxidative stress, plants accumulate certain compatible solutes known as osmolytes to safeguard the cellular machinery. The most common osmolytes that play crucial role in osmoregulation are proline, glycine-betaine, polyamines, and sugars. These compounds stabilize the osmotic differences between surroundings of cell and the cytosol. Besides, they also protect the plant cells from oxidative stress by inhibiting the production of harmful ROS like hydroxyl ions, superoxide ions, hydrogen peroxide, and other free radicals. The accumulation of osmolytes is further modulated by phytohormones like abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, jasmonates, and salicylic acid. It is thus important to understand the mechanisms regulating the phytohormone-mediated accumulation of osmolytes in plants during abiotic stresses. In this review, we have discussed the underlying mechanisms of phytohormone-regulated osmolyte accumulation along with their various functions in plants under stress conditions.

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Section: Role Of Ethylene In Regulation Of Osmolytes Under Abioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

et al. 2019

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“…When non-halophytes suffer from salinity stress, enhanced ethylene production leads to small rosettes and relatively early flowering, limiting energy and resource utilization for production of seeds (Cao et al, 2008). In halophytes, NaCl participates in the conversion of the precursor l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene (Chrominski et al, 1986, 1988), and this process is enhanced under salinity stress in Allenrolfea occidentalis (Chrominski et al, 1989).…”

Section: Halophyte Reproductive Growth Under Saline Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Physiology of Halophytes: Current Standing

et al. 2019

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Background: Halophytes possess efficient salt-tolerance mechanisms and can complete their life cycles in naturally saline soils with NaCl contents exceeding 200 mM. While a significant progress have been made in recent decades elucidating underlying salt-tolerance mechanisms, these studies have been mostly confined to the vegetative growth stage. At the same time, the capacity to generate high-quality seeds and to survive early developmental stages under saline conditions, are both critically important for plants. Halophytes perform well in both regards, whereas non-halophytes cannot normally complete their life cycles under saline conditions.Scope: Research into the effects of salinity on plant reproductive biology has gained momentum in recent years. However, it remains unclear whether the reproductive biology of halophytes differs from that of non-halophytes, and whether their reproductive processes benefit, like their vegetative growth, from the presence of salt in the rhizosphere. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the superior reproductive biology of halophytes, focusing on critical aspects including control of flowering time, changes in plant hormonal status and their impact on anther and pollen development and viability, plant carbohydrate status and seed formation, mechanisms behind the early germination of halophyte seeds, and the role of seed polymorphism.Conclusion: Salt has beneficial effects on halophyte reproductive growth that include late flowering, increased flower numbers and pollen vitality, and high seed yield. This improved performance is due to optimal nutrition during vegetative growth, alterations in plant hormonal status, and regulation of flowering genes. In addition, the seeds of halophytes harvested under saline conditions show higher salt tolerance than those obtained under non-saline condition, largely due to increased osmolyte accumulation, more optimal hormonal composition (e.g., high gibberellic acid and low abcisic acid content) and, in some species, seed dimorphism. In the near future, identifying key genes involved in halophyte reproductive physiology and using them to transform crops could be a promising approach to developing saline agriculture.

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“…These results agree with [63] who proved that inoculation of maize plant with Azospirillum brasilense containing higher levels of trehalose confers drought tolerance and a significant increase in leaf and biomass. Regarding the stimulatory effect of trehalose on seed yield, [64] discovered that osmoregulators reduced fruit abscission by decreasing ethylene production, increasing the quantity of fruits and seeds and, as a result, the amount of seeds produced per plant. Additionally, the use of osmoregulators may improve photosynthetic pigments, which would enhance dry matter accumulation and seed yield [65].…”

Section: Yield and Components Of Zea Mays Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Trehalose-producing Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azotobacter chroococcum in Enhancing Salinity Tolerance of Zea mays Plants

Ali

Orf

2022

JAMB

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Salinity is one of the most potent abiotic elements in nature and is damaging to both plants and microbes. Osmostress response in bacteria involves the accumulation of small organic compounds called compatible solutes as trehalose. In this work the synthesis and accumulation of trehalose by Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain (ARC 517) were investigated. Different sources of carbon, nitrogen, initial pH, and inoculum level were studied in order to increase trehalose productivity. An optimal production medium containing glucose and yeast extract was found suitable for trehalose production. The results showed that keeping the pH of the culture broth at 6.0 is important for trehalose production. Moreover the optimal level of inoculum was 4.0%. The optimized parameters gave a maximum trehalose production of 22.65 mg ml-1. Scanning electron microscope showed that cells of B. japonicum that enhanced for trehalose was aggregated and became the longest with length about 3 times higher than that of control. The results of field experiment revealed that, the Zea mays plants treated with B. japonicum strain (ARC 517) that enhanced for trehalose + Azotobacter chroococcum retained higher relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, K+/Na+ ratio as compared to other treatments. Positive correlation between trehalose overproduction and high-yield parameters were observed under saline conditions. These findings suggest that trehalose overproduction could be a beneficial characteristic for biofertilizers.

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Proline affects ACC to ethylene conversion under salt and water stresses in the halophyte, Allenrolfea occidentalis

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

Reproductive Physiology of Halophytes: Current Standing

The Role of Trehalose-producing Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azotobacter chroococcum in Enhancing Salinity Tolerance of Zea mays Plants

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