2021
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5057
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Prolonged ketosis and glycosuria secondary to SGLT2 inhibitor therapy

Abstract: Clinicians should be aware of the potential for the pharmacologic activity of SGLT2 inhibitors to persist long after the standard drug clearance period of five half-lives, the typical duration used to guide pre-operative medication recommendations.

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Cited by 7 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…This suggests that the effects of dapagliflozin persisted. Persistent urinary glucose excretion has been reported even after the discontinuation of SGLT2 inhibitors [21]. Considering that the estimated half-life of dapagliflozin is 11.2-16.6 hours [22], the presence of glucosuria in this case until 8 days after the last use of dapagliflozin suggests that glucose excretion occurred as a sustained pharmacological response even after the blood concentration of dapagliflozin decreased.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 67%
“…This suggests that the effects of dapagliflozin persisted. Persistent urinary glucose excretion has been reported even after the discontinuation of SGLT2 inhibitors [21]. Considering that the estimated half-life of dapagliflozin is 11.2-16.6 hours [22], the presence of glucosuria in this case until 8 days after the last use of dapagliflozin suggests that glucose excretion occurred as a sustained pharmacological response even after the blood concentration of dapagliflozin decreased.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 67%
“…カナグリフロジンの代謝動態を調べた研究 10)によると,カナグリフロジンを2週間服用した場合,血中薬物濃度の半減期は11.81時間とされている。本症例と同様にカナグリフロジン100mgを服用した場合,おおよその尿中グルコース排泄量はカナグリフロジン服用前と比較して服用当日でプラス100g/日,翌日でプラス60g/日,翌々日でプラス20g/日であった。本症例では,カナグリフロジンの最終服用から2日後の尿中グルコース濃度は2,477mg/dL,尿量は9,240mL/日であったことから,約170g/日の糖が尿中から排泄されたと考えられた。同様に最終服用から3日後は130g/日,7日後で70g/日の尿糖排泄を認めた。また,カナグロフロジン中止後,血糖値は100〜200mg/dLにも関わらず,中止後11日間にわたり尿糖は3+であった。カナグリフロジンの血中薬物濃度が低下して以降も,持続的な薬理学的反応としての尿中グルコース排泄は過去にも報告されている 11), 12)。これらの原因として,SGLT2iは内服後,血液中より腎臓に多く分布しており,局所的な薬物濃度が維持されている可能性,代謝酵素の多型,腎機能障害による半減期の延長,薬物の親油性が高く脂肪組織への分布などが挙げられている。本症例では,尿糖排泄が持続した原因として,腎局所でSGLT2iの薬物濃度が維持されている可能性があること,BMI 30以上の肥満であり脂肪組織へSGLT2iが分布していた可能性が考えられた。尿糖陽性である期間は浸透圧利尿により多尿となり,脱水になりやすいことが考えられる。本症例のように,SGLT2i中止後も長期にわたり高度の尿糖排泄が遷延する症例では,多尿,脱水に対して適切な水分管理が必要と考えられる。…”
Section: 考  察unclassified
“…Introduction Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, such as canagliflozin, reduce the reabsorption of filtered glucose at the proximal renal tubules and lower the renal threshold for glucose excretion. 1 This inhibition promotes glycosuria, resulting in decreased plasma glucose and increased risks of volume depletion and mycotic urinary tract infections. 2 SGLT2 inhibitors may also directly act on pancreatic αcells to increase plasma glucagon levels.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 SGLT2 inhibitors may also directly act on pancreatic αcells to increase plasma glucagon levels. 1 These metabolic changes produce a lower insulin-to-glucagon ratio, which can predispose patients to ketoacidosis while maintaining normoglycemia. 1 The objective of this report is to describe a case of SGLT2 inhibitor-associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with prolonged ketosis and glycosuria and discuss the potential for SGLT2 inhibitor effects to persist well beyond five half-lives of drug elimination.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%