Prolonged Lactation Performance in a Rural Community of the Ivory Coast

Lauber, E.; Reinhardt, M. C.

doi:10.1093/tropej/27.2.74

Cited by 13 publications

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“…Infants 1 and 2 fell below 80% of normal weight for age according to Harvard Standards and below 90% of expected weight for height at the age of 7 and 10 months respectively. The arm/head circumference ratio, another index of malnutrition (22), was constantly low in infant 1 whereas normal values were observed in infants 2, 3 and 4. According to the above anthropometrical criteria infants 1 and 2 suffered from malnutrition after the age of 6 months.…”

Section: Growth Of the Infantsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Maternal Diet, Breast Feeding and Infants' Growth: A fieldstudy in the Ivory Coast (West Africa)

Reinhardt¹,

Lauber²

1981

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

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Four mothers and their infants living in a rural village of the Ivory Coast were studied for maternal diet, breast milk composition and volume and infants' growth over an 18 months' period. Two of the mothers were young, had a low calorie intake and gave little supplementary nourishment to their infants; these infants had an unsatisfactory growth pattern. Two mothers were middle-aged, had a satisfactory calorie intake and their infants thrived well on breast milk alone for the first 6 months. Supplements were introduced by those mothers after their infant was 6 months old which provided adequate energy and protein intake and had a beneficial effect on the growth of the infants.Detailed biochemical analyses of diets and breast milk have been performed and dietary allowances are discussed in the light of the present results. Despite important differences in dietary intake the milks produced by the four mothers showed no significant differences in biochemical composition. The mothers with low calorie and low protein intake produced however smaller quantities of breast milk when the infants were 4 to 7 months old.Since breast milk provides a substantial amount of protein and calories for the infants even in late lactation, the implication with regard to adequate growth of the infants is to provide adequate dietary AcknowledgementsWe thank Georges N'zi, Ba Samba Sylla, Kouakou

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Section: Growth Of the Infantsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Maternal Diet, Breast Feeding and Infants' Growth: A fieldstudy in the Ivory Coast (West Africa)

Reinhardt¹,

Lauber²

1981

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

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“…Porém, nas populações de baixa renda, essa complementação freqüentemente é inadequada, qualitativa e quantitativamente, fazendo com que o leite materno continue sendo a principal fonte de calorias e de proteínas entre o sexto e o décimo-segundo meses de vida ou mesmo no segundo ano de vida [60][61][62][63] .…”

Section: Por Que Promoverunclassified

Breast-feeding: how and why to promote it

Giugliani¹

1994

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Amamentação: como e por que promover ResumoA promoção do aleitamento materno deve ser vista como uma ação prioritária para a melhoria da saúde e da qualidade de vida das crianças e de suas famílias. As estratégias de promoção da amamentação devem variar de acordo com a população, sua cultura, seus hábitos, suas crenças, sua posição sócio-econômica, entre outras características. No entanto, de fundamental importância em qualquer estratégia, é a conscientização da importância do aleitamento materno. Essa revisão procura contribuir para essa conscientização entre os profissionais de saúde, mostrando as evidências epidemiológicas da importância do leite materno para a saúde da criança e da mãe. São enfatizados o impacto da amamentação na mortalidade, na morbidade, no estado nutricional das crianças e no espaçamento entre os nascimentos. Num segundo momento, são discutidas algumas atividades promotoras do aleitamento materno, com ênfase nos programas educativos (educação dos profissionais de saúde, das gestantes, das puérperas e da população em geral). Mudanças nas rotinas hospitalares, comunicação de massa, normas para comercialização de alimentos para lactentes, proteção da mãe que trabalha e ações de base comunitária são também abordadas.J. Pediatr. (Rio). 1994; 70 (3) 138-151: aleitamento materno, leite humano, promoção da saúde, educação em saúde. AbstractBreastfeeding promotion must be seen as a priority for the improvement of health and quality of life of children and their families. The strategies should vary according to the population, its culture, habits, beliefs, socio-economic level and other characteristcs. Nevertheless, awareness of the importance of breastfeeding is crucial in any strategy. This review article aims to increase this awareness among health professionals. Epidemiologic evidences of the importance of breastfeeding for the mother and child health are addressed. Emphasis is given to the impact of breastfeeding on infant mortality, morbidity and nutritional status, as well as on birth spacing. Further, this article discusses some breastfeeding promotion activities, specially educational programs for health professionals, pregnant women, parturients and general population. Changes in hospital routines, mass media, milk substitute marketing, protection of working mothers and community activities are also addressed. ). 1994; 70(3):138-151: breastfeeding, human milk, health promotion, health education. 0021-7557/94/70-03/138 Jornal de Pediatria Copyright © 1994 by Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria Há muito o aleitamento materno deixou de ser visto como um ato natural, fisiológico. Hoje em dia, na nossa sociedade, as mulheres que amamentam não o fazem por necessidade ou tradição. Elas optam pela amamentação. As crianças, no entanto, não podem optar, muito embora elas tenham o direito de sobreviver, de crescer sadias física e mentalmente e de ter uma boa qualidade de vida. Elas têm o direito de ser amamentadas. Cabe a nós, profissionais de saúde, ajudar na luta pelos direitos das crianças e...

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“…It has been suggested that encouraging the termination of breast-feeding at a comparatively early age might improve growth in this situation (63,68). In many traditional societies certain milestones in the child's development, such as walking, talking, understanding specific concepts or good health, have to be reached before the mother will stop breast-feeding (29,(70)(71)(72)(73)(74). In many traditional societies certain milestones in the child's development, such as walking, talking, understanding specific concepts or good health, have to be reached before the mother will stop breast-feeding (29,(70)(71)(72)(73)(74).…”

Section: Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the reasons why women in these communities choose to cease breast-feeding after a long lactation period are complex (7) and are often associated with the desire for, or the fact of, a subsequent pregnancy. In many traditional societies certain milestones in the child's development, such as walking, talking, understanding specific concepts or good health, have to be reached before the mother will stop breast-feeding (29,(70)(71)(72)(73)(74). In addition, probably for economic reasons, it is often the children from the poorest families who are breast-fed for the longest periods (71,75).…”

Section: Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Feeding and the Older Infant

Prentice

1991

Acta Paediatrica

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Prentice, A. (MRC Dunn Nutrition Unit, Cambridge, UK and Keneba, The Gambia). Breast-feeding and the older infant. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 374: 78, 1991. The possible benefits and disadvantages to the older infant of breast-feeding being continued after the introduction of solid foods are reviewed. The limited evidence from industrialised countries suggests that prolonged partial breast-feeding has little influence on child health and growth. In contrast, in poor areas of the developing world, the continuation of breast-feeding for 1-2 years after the introduction of other foods appears to have several major benefits. These include the supply of nutrients, the delivery of protective, digestive and trophic agents, and extending the period of infertility in the mother. Partial breast-feeding after 6 months is associated with reduced severity of infectious diseases particularly in severely malnourished individuals. There is no evidence that partial breast-feeding plays a causal role in poor growth performance. In poor areas of the developing world, breast-feeding, together with the provision of adequate amounts of other foods, should be encouraged for the first two years of life.

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Prolonged Lactation Performance in a Rural Community of the Ivory Coast

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Maternal Diet, Breast Feeding and Infants' Growth: A fieldstudy in the Ivory Coast (West Africa)

Maternal Diet, Breast Feeding and Infants' Growth: A fieldstudy in the Ivory Coast (West Africa)

Breast-feeding: how and why to promote it

Breast Feeding and the Older Infant

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