“…Similar results have been reported in other fish species, such as lenok (Brachymystax lenok) (Liu et al, 2015), pacamã catfish (Lophiosilurus alexandri) (Kitagawa et al, 2015), Amazonian ornamental (Heros severus) (Veras et al, 2016), zebrafish (Abdollahpour et al, 2020), and largemouth bass (Malinovskyi et al, 2022). However, in some fish, compared to LD, LL promoted somatic growth and feed utilization, e.g., Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) (Shahkar et al, 2015), gibel carp (Carassius auratus) (Wei et al, 2019), winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) (Casey et al, 2020), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Martıńez-Chavez et al, 2021). LL promotes somatic growth in fish mainly attributed to the suppression of gonadal development (Doyle et al, 2021), increased feed intake (Wei et al, 2019;Martıńez-Chavez et al, 2021), enhanced digestive enzyme activity (Shan et al, 2008;Ramzanzadeh et al, 2016), and upregulation of gene expression of growth-related hormones (growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)) (Li et al, 2022).…”