Promoting smallholder seed enterprises: quality seed production of rice, maize, sorghum and millet in northern Cameroon

Abstract

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) conducted two projects in Cameroon on strengthening rice, and sorghum, maize and millet seed production by smallholder seed enterprises (SSEs). Farmer groups (respectively, 25 SSEs and 114 SSEs) were formed or strengthened and trained. Sixty-six selected lead farmers were trained on the administering and managing of revolving funds. The groups were then linked to the Extension Service (for continuous technical advice), Agriculture Research for Development Institution (continuous supply of needed seed), National Seed Service (seed certification) and to financial institutions (financial support). The results obtained showed that 60 and 59.6 per cent, respectively, of the groups sustained their activities two to three years after the projects ended. Total certified rice seed produced increased to 800 tonnes (t) against 267t at the beginning. For the other cereal project, the total certified seed produced was 719.2t against 497t at its beginning. The use of quality seed rice together with good agronomic practices increased yields (up to 8.0t/ha against a scant 2t/ha before). All interviewed farmers stressed that the seed business was profitable and helped achieve higher living standards and diversify their activities. Seasonal incomes were more than US$1,783.31. Finally, both FAO projects helped generate farmers' income to about US$2,114.871, produced 447,954t of cereal grain and thus improved food security and alleviated poverty. The Cameroonian success could be repeated elsewhere.

Seed exchange networks for agrobiodiversity conservation. A review

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Seed systems smallholder farmers use

“…Own stocks were also important, providing 1/3 of seed sown overall, varying between 28 and 45 % in all sites, with the exception of Haiti. The secondary rather than primary importance of use of own stocks challenges several common stereotypes: first, the notion that smallholder farmers will prioritize seed saving in times of stress (De Waal 1991) and, second, that own-saved seed provides the bulk of smallholder sowings (e.g., Bezner Kerr 2013; Cavatassi et al 2011;Guei et al 2011;Marfo et al 2008). Simply, overall data show that the locus of seed sources is off-farm, not within farm.…”

Seed health tests of traditional leafy vegetables and pathogenicity in plants

“…Mukwereza (2002) Across Africa, TLVs are produced and marketed by smallholder farmers (Ngugi et al, 2007) with limited access to advanced agro-technology including limited knowledge of the agronomic value of high-quality seed (Biemond et al, 2012), lack of information on seed storage (Cernansky, 2015), on appropriate use of chemicals like pesticides and fertilizers (Schippers, 2000), plants and seed-borne pathogens. These smallholder farmers obtain most of their seeds from their neighbours or informal seed markets (Ngwerume and Mvere, 2003;Adebooye et al, 2005;Guei et al, 2011).…”

“…These smallholder farmers obtain most of their seeds from their neighbours or informal seed markets (Ngwerume and Mvere, 2003;Adebooye et al, 2005;Guei et al, 2011).…”