Promotion of Hepatic Preneoplastic Lesions in Male B6C3F 1 Mice by Unleaded Gasoline

Standeven, Andrew M.; Wolf, Douglas C.; Goldsworthy, Thomas L.

doi:10.2307/3432861

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…68 To understand the basis of the mouse liver tumors observed after lifetime exposure to 2056 ppm unleaded gasoline, initiation-promotion studies and investigations into the role of estrogen (an endogenous inhibitor of mouse liver tumor development) have been conducted. [69][70][71] Inhaled unleaded gasoline is a tumor promoter (in contrast to a genotoxic initiator) in the female mouse liver, apparently due to its interaction with estrogen. The tumor-promoting activity of inhaled unleaded gasoline is reduced substantially when the ovaries are surgically removed.…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is benzene exposure from gasoline carcinogenic?

Jamall

Willhite

2008

J. Environ. Monit.

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This article questions the basis for benzene as the carcinogenic surrogate in deriving health risk-based 'clean-up levels' for gasoline-impacted soil and groundwater at leaking underground storage tank properties. The epidemiological evidence suggests that acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) associated with chronic occupational benzene exposure can be best described by sigmoid dose-response relationships. A review of the molecular toxicology and kinetics of benzene points to the existence of threshold mechanisms in the induction of leukemia. The toxicological and epidemiological literature on chronic exposure to unleaded gasoline indicates that the benzene exposures required to induce a measurable carcinogenic response are substantially greater than exposures likely to be encountered from exposure to gasoline at contaminated properties. Thus, assuming that theoretical cancer risks associated with exposure to benzene from gasoline reflect actual health risks associated with such environmental exposures to gasoline and using these theoretical cancer risks and cancer potency factors for benzene to dictate soil and groundwater clean up of gasoline are not scientifically defensible.

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Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is benzene exposure from gasoline carcinogenic?

Jamall

Willhite

2008

J. Environ. Monit.

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Trimethylpentan (alle Isomere) [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2017]

Hartwig

2017

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated trimethylpentane (all isomers) [ 564‐02‐3 , 540‐84‐1 , 560‐21‐4 , 565‐75‐3 ] considering all toxicological endpoints. Available unpublished study reports and publications are described in detail. The re‐examination determined that it is difficult to draw final conclusions from a carcinogenicity study of a mixture of 542 hydrocarbons and from mechanistical studies with some of their single components. Thus, the assignment to Carcinogen Category 3 A has been withdrawn. The critical effect is the acute effect on the central nervous system in rats. The NOAEC after 60 min inhalation is 500 ml 2,2,4‐trimethylpentane/m 3 . Experimental data from structurally analogous n‐alkanes and iso‐alkanes lead to the assumption that the concentration of 2,2,4‐trimethylpentane in the brain after 8 hours will be about twice as high as after one hour. The short half‐life in the brain, estimated to be about one hour, does not predict an accumulation during the work week. The same assumptions are made for the other trimethylpentane isomers. Thus, taking into consideration uncertainties in the extrapolation of animal to human data, a MAK value of 100 ml/m 3 (470 mg/m 3 ) is set for all trimethylpentane isomers. As the critical effect is systemic, trimethylpentane isomers are assigned to Peak Limitation Category II. The excursion factor of 2 is set as the estimated half‐life in the brain is one hour. Prenatal developmental toxicity studies with trimethylpentane isomers are not available. For structurally analogous C8‐isoalkanes the NOAEC for developmental toxicity in rats is more than 1200 ml/m 3 . Acute neurotoxicity is critical, but the consequences of acute neurotoxic effects on in‐utero development of the nervous system are not known and studies on developmental neurotoxicity of C8‐alkanes are not available. Thus, trimethylpentane isomers are classified in Pregnancy Risk Group D. There are no clinical data and no data in animals concerning the sensitizing potential of trimethylpentane isomers. In analogy to n‐heptane, skin contact is not expected to contribute significantly to systemic toxicity.

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Trimethylpentane (all isomers) [MAK Value Documentation, 2006]

2014

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Promotion of Hepatic Preneoplastic Lesions in Male B6C3F 1 Mice by Unleaded Gasoline

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Is benzene exposure from gasoline carcinogenic?

Is benzene exposure from gasoline carcinogenic?

Trimethylpentan (alle Isomere) [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2017]

Trimethylpentane (all isomers) [MAK Value Documentation, 2006]

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