Prooxidant-antioxidant balance and malondialdehyde over time in adult rats after tubal sterilization and vasectomy

Abstract

ObjectiveSterilization (tubal sterilization and vasectomy) is a widely applied contraceptive method worldwide. Although most studies have described sterilization as a safe method, there are reports of tubal ligation (TL) and vasectomy complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TL and vasectomy on the serum oxidative stress, specifically prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, over time.MethodsMale and female rats were classified into vasectomy, sham-vasectomy, TL, and sham-TL groups, respectively. The PAB and MDA levels were measured on days 15 and 45 and months 3 and 6 after the intervention. For female rats, blood sampling was performed during the diestrous phase and estradiol and progesterone were also measured.ResultsSerum PAB and MDA increased after TL (p<0.05). Vasectomy increased serum MDA remarkably after 45 days, 3 months, and 6 months (p<0.05). After vasectomy, serum PAB also increased although not significantly. Serum estradiol and progesterone decreased remarkably in the TL group compared to the sham group (p<0.05).ConclusionBilateral TL and vasectomy both increase the serum oxidative stress; however the imbalance after TL was very noticeable. As for the TL, the reduction of serum estrogen levels can be involved in this imbalance. Complications followed by TL or vasectomy could be due to increased levels of oxidants. Thus, prescribing antioxidants during and or after surgery may be a solution.

The effect of tubal sterilization with the Pomeroy technique and bipolar electrocauterization on the ovarian reserve and serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in a rat model

“…8 TL can cause damage to the fallopian tubes and its adjacent vascular structures (i.e., tubal branch or ovarian branch of the uterine artery in the mesosalpinx) [13], which may explain the diminished ovarian blood flow. Some studies have also been conducted to evaluate post-tubal ligation syndrome and its association with prooxidant-antioxidant balance and levels of malondialdehyde, vascular endothelial growth factor, and inducible nitric oxide in patients who have undergone TL [14]. According to a common theory, free oxygen radicals are released after vascular stasis of the tubo-ovarian vessels, resulting in increased hypoxia and possible ischemia in the ovary and tubes [14].…”

“…Some studies have also been conducted to evaluate post-tubal ligation syndrome and its association with prooxidant-antioxidant balance and levels of malondialdehyde, vascular endothelial growth factor, and inducible nitric oxide in patients who have undergone TL [14]. According to a common theory, free oxygen radicals are released after vascular stasis of the tubo-ovarian vessels, resulting in increased hypoxia and possible ischemia in the ovary and tubes [14]. This theory was a gateway to further studies with antioxidant agents (i.e., melatonin) for evaluating the protection against ovarian damage and menstrual disorders [15].…”

L‐proline as a novel additive to cryopreservation media improved post‐thaw quality of human spermatozoon via reducing oxidative stress

“…These processes tilt oxidants and antioxidants balance (Shaygannia et al, 2020). An improper balance between oxidants and antioxidants produces oxidative stress (Faramarzi et al, 2012).…”

“…These processes tilt oxidants and antioxidants balance (Shaygannia et al, 2020). An improper balance between oxidants and antioxidants produces oxidative stress (Faramarzi et al, 2012). Therefore, the spermatozoa are exposed to excess oxidative stress (Shaygannia et al, 2020).…”

Effect of Erythropoietin Administration on Spermatogonium Amount, Sertoli Cell and Leydig on Rats Testis (Wistar Strain) After Vas Deferens Ligation Released

“…There are many hypotheses mentioned that vasectomy will result in obstruction of vas deferens which increasing intratesticular pressure in testis and resulted decreasing in testicular blood pressure and increased oxidative stress in the testis 4,5,6 . Vasectomy will result in high hydrostatic pressure due to obstruction, excessive sperm accumulation and stimulate local inflammatory reaction process which is characterized by increment in leukocytes in sperm.…”