Propagation soliton et auto-confinement de faisceaux laser par non linearité optique de kerr

Barthélémy, Alain; Maneuf, S.; Froehly, C.

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(85)90047-1

Cited by 345 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…[13][14][15][16] Optical solitons have been shown to attract, repel, breakup, merge, orbit each-other or even annihilate. 5,[17][18][19][20][21] As in various other media, soliton interactions can be either shortrange, occurring when the tails of neighbouring solitons overlap, 6,17,22,23 or long range, through a coupling with a non-local response, be it optical radiation, charge carriers, or thermal waves.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultraweak long-range interactions of solitons observed over astronomical distances

et al. 2013

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We report what we believe is the weakest interaction between solitons ever observed. Our experiment involves temporal optical cavity solitons recirculating in a coherently-driven passive optical fibre ring resonator. We observe two solitons, separated by up to 8,000 times their width, changing their temporal separation by a fraction of an attosecond per round-trip of the 100 m-long resonator, or equivalently 1/10,000 of the wavelength of the soliton carrier wave per characteristic dispersive length. The interactions are so weak that, at the speed of light, they require an effective propagation distance of the order of an astronomical unit to fully develop, i.e. tens of millions of kilometres. The interaction is mediated by transverse acoustic waves generated in the optical fibre by the propagating solitons through electrostriction.Solitons are self-localized wave packets that do not spread, the dispersion of the supporting medium being cancelled by a nonlinear effect. 1-4 They are universal, and in many respects behave like particles. 2 They exert forces on each other and can interact in various ways, elastically or inelastically. 2,5,6 Here we report what we believe is by far the weakest form of soliton interaction ever observed. Using recirculating optical cavity solitons, we report interactions so weak that the solitons shift their positions by only about 10 −7 of their width -amounting to 1/10,000 of the wavelength of the soliton carrier wave -per characteristic dispersive length. At the speed of light, these interactions require effective propagation distances of the order of an astronomical unit (AU) to be revealed, i.e. tens of millions of kilometres. The sheer fact that we can actually observe such ultra-weak interactions in a noisy laboratory environment highlights the robustness and stability of solitons as never-before.Solitons occur in media as diverse as water, DNA, plasma, or ultra-cold gases, 1,7-12 but over the last 20 years optics has led the way in our understanding of soliton interactions because of the ease with which optical solitons can be studied experimentally. [13][14][15][16] Optical solitons have been shown to attract, repel, breakup, merge, orbit each-other or even annihilate. 5,17-21 As in various other media, soliton interactions can be either shortrange, occurring when the tails of neighbouring solitons overlap, 6,17,22,23 or long range, through a coupling with a non-local response, be it optical radiation, charge carriers, or thermal waves. 24-27 The weakest soliton interactions reported are long range, 24,25 but their observation is typically limited by the duration or propagation length over which the solitons can be maintained. In optics, this is often simply dictated by the size of a nonlinear crystal or the length of an optical fibre. To overcome this restriction, our experiment involves solitons recirculating in an optical fibre loop.More specifically, we consider temporal cavity solitons (CSs) propagating in a coherently-driven passive nonlinear fibre ring resonator. 28 Not...

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Ultraweak long-range interactions of solitons observed over astronomical distances

et al. 2013

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“…Over the years, spatial solitons have been observed by employing a variety of nonlinearities ranging from Kerr nonlinear media [4] to photorefractive [5] and quadratic [6] materials. Apart from their potential application in optical communications [7,8], solitons are important features of interacting Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and superfluids.…”

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Linear Wave Dynamics Explains Observations Attributed to Dark Solitons in a Polariton Quantum Fluid

et al. 2014

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We investigate the propagation and scattering of polaritons in a planar GaAs microcavity in the linear regime under resonant excitation. The propagation of the coherent polariton wave across an extended defect creates phase and intensity patterns with identical qualitative features previously attributed to dark and half-dark solitons of polaritons. We demonstrate that these features are observed for negligible nonlinearity (i.e., polariton-polariton interaction) and are, therefore, not sufficient to identify dark and half-dark solitons. A linear model based on the Maxwell equations is shown to reproduce the experimental observations. PACS numbers:Solitons are solitary waves that preserve their shape while propagating through a dispersive medium [1,2] due to the compensation of the dispersion-induced broadening by the nonlinearity of the medium [3]. Over the years, spatial solitons have been observed by employing a variety of nonlinearities ranging from Kerr nonlinear media [4] to photorefractive [5] and quadratic [6] materials. Apart from their potential application in optical communications [7,8], solitons are important features of interacting Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and superfluids. The nonlinear properties of BECs can give rise to the formation of quantized interacting vortices and solitons, the latter resulting from the cancellation of the dispersion by interactions, for example, in atomic condensates. A special class of solitons is the so-called dark soliton, which feature a density node accompanied by a π phase jump. Since the first theoretical prediction in the context of BECs [9], dark solitons were studied and observed first in the field of nonlinear optics [10] and, then, in cold-atom BECs [11]. The experimental observation of BECs [12] and superfluidity [13,14] of exciton-polaritons, has sparked interest in the quantum-hydrodynamic properties of polariton fluids. In particular, the nucleation of solitary waves in the wake of an obstacle (i.e.

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“…The soliton regime is sustained with pump beam energy as high as 90 µJ, and with seed pulse energy as low as 10 nJ. We note that in bulk Kerr medium, stable one-dimensional spatial solitons have been observed just on several occasions and just under specific operating conditions, where transverse instabilities have been suppressed by self-induced waveguiding through interference [20], periodic azimuthal modulation of ring beams [21], and by making the beams partially incoherent [22]. We also mention that present situation is different from the multicolor soliton regime in planar waveguides, in space of reduced dimensionality [23,24].…”

Section: Generation Of Parametric Solitonsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Efficient four-wave parametric amplification and spatial soliton generation in transparent isotropic medium with Kerr nonlinearity

Valtna¹

2007

Lithuanian J. Phys.

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We report on highly efficient four-wave optical parametric amplification transparent bulk Kerr medium (water) under high intensity elliptical beam pumping. Energy conversion from pump to parametric waves as high as 25% is obtained owing to the achievement of 1-dimensional spatial soliton regime in noncollinear phase matching configuration, and hence guaranteeing high intensity over a large interaction length, high beam quality, and excellent operational characteristics.

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Propagation soliton et auto-confinement de faisceaux laser par non linearité optique de kerr

Cited by 345 publications

References 4 publications

Ultraweak long-range interactions of solitons observed over astronomical distances

Ultraweak long-range interactions of solitons observed over astronomical distances

Linear Wave Dynamics Explains Observations Attributed to Dark Solitons in a Polariton Quantum Fluid

Efficient four-wave parametric amplification and spatial soliton generation in transparent isotropic medium with Kerr nonlinearity

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