Properties and applications of pyrethroids.

Elliott, M.

doi:10.1289/ehp.76141

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In the early 1970s, ITNs emerged as a vector control idea because many communities were already sleeping under untreated bed nets. At this time, synthetic pyrethroids were developed (permethrin, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin), which were safe to use for impregnation of ITNs [118]. Following pioneering trials on ITNs, including those in The Gambia in the 1980s that showed huge impacts on malaria infection and mortality [119][120][121], WHO recommended the use of ITNs for children and pregnant women [122].…”

Section: Gmep Abandoned-what Next For Malaria?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases

et al. 2020

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Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) such as malaria, dengue, and leishmaniasis exert a huge burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly affecting the poorest of the poor. The principal method by which these diseases are controlled is through vector control, which has a long and distinguished history. Vector control, to a greater extent than drugs or vaccines, has been responsible for shrinking the map of many VBDs. Here, we describe the history of vector control programmes worldwide from the late 1800s to date. Pre 1940, vector control relied on a thorough understanding of vector ecology and epidemiology, and implementation of environmental management tailored to the ecology and behaviour of local vector species. This complex understanding was replaced by a simplified dependency on a handful of insecticide-based tools, particularly for malaria control, without an adequate understanding of entomology and epidemiology and without proper monitoring and evaluation. With the rising threat from insecticide-resistant vectors, global environmental change, and the need to incorporate more vector control interventions to eliminate these diseases, we advocate for continued investment in evidence-based vector control. There is a need to return to vector control approaches based on a thorough knowledge of the determinants of pathogen transmission, which utilise a range of insecticide and non-insecticide-based approaches in a locally tailored manner for more effective and sustainable vector control. Author summaryVector-borne diseases (VBDs) such as dengue, Chagas disease, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), leishmaniasis, and malaria exert a huge burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The principal method by which these diseases are controlled is through vector control. The authors chart the history of vector control through time from elucidation of the transmission route of VBDs to the present day. Pre-1940 vector control relied heavily PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | https://doi.

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Section: Gmep Abandoned-what Next For Malaria?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases

et al. 2020

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“…The activity of synthetic pyrethroids against insect pests has represented a degree of potency not previously demonstrated in any class of insecticides (Elliott 1976(Elliott , 1980. This order of magnitude increase in potency has accounted for greater efficacy and also for lower rates of application (Herve 1985).…”

Section: Pyrethroid Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Toxicology of the Pyrethroid Insecticides

Bradbury¹,

Coats

1989

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

278

142

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“…Compared to natural pyrethrin, synthetic pyrethroids are much more stable and have, therefore, been widely used in agriculture to control a variety of pests [8]. Investigations on the potential of ITNs to control malaria started during the 1980s [2, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for infants and their mothers: randomized controlled community trial in Burkina Faso

Traoré

Meißner

et al. 2015

Malar J

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BackgroundInsecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are now the main tool for malaria prevention in endemic areas. Synthetic pyrethroids are the only group of insecticides recommended by the World Health Organization for the use on ITNs. There are only few studies which have specifically investigated potential adverse effects of frequent exposure to ITNs in the vulnerable group of young infants and their mothers.MethodsThis study was nested into a large randomized controlled ITN effectiveness trial. Ninety newborns and their mothers were selected from the study population for participation. Together with their mothers they were protected with ITNs from birth (group A, n = 45) or from age 6 months (group B, n = 45) and followed up for 18 weeks (daily visits in the first 4 weeks, weekly visits thereafter). Potential side effects related to synthetic pyrethroids (deltamethrin) exposure were systematically investigated by trained field staff. The frequency and duration of respective symptoms was compared between the two study groups.ResultsA total of 180 participants (90 mothers and 90 infants) were followed up over the study period without any loss to follow up. There were no significant differences in the frequency and duration of side effects between the two study groups, except that the frequency of headache was significantly higher in group A compared to group B mothers (p = 0.01).ConclusionsThe study provides further evidence for ITNs being sufficiently safe in children and even in newborns. The association with headache in mothers could be explained by them handling the ITNs more intensely or it could be a chance finding.

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Properties and applications of pyrethroids.

Cited by 34 publications

References 52 publications

The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases

The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases

Comparative Toxicology of the Pyrethroid Insecticides

Safety of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for infants and their mothers: randomized controlled community trial in Burkina Faso

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