Properties and osteoblast cytocompatibility of self-curing acrylic cements modified by glass fillers

Abstract

Materials filled with a silicate glass (MSi) and a borate glass (MB) were developed and compared in terms of their in vitro behavior. The effect of filler composition and concentration (0, 30, 40 and 50 wt%) on the curing parameters, residual monomer, water uptake, weight loss, bioactivity, mechanical properties (bending and compression) and osteoblast cytocompatibility was evaluated. The addition of bioactive glass filler significantly improved the cements curing parameters and the mechanical properties. The most relevant results were obtained for the lower filler concentration (30 t%) a maximum flexural strength of 40.4 Pa for MB3 and a maximum compressive strength of 95.7 MPa for MSi3. In vitro bioactivity in acellular media was enhanced by the higher glass contents in the cements. Regarding the biological assessment, the incorporation of the silicate glass significantly improved osteoblast cytocompatibility, whereas the presence of the borate glass resulted in a poor cell response. Nevertheless it was shown that the surviving cells on the MB surface were in a more differentiated stage compared to those growing over non-filled poly(methyl methacrylate). Results suggest that the developed formulations offer a high range of properties that might be interesting for their use as self-curing cements.

Preparation and bioactive properties of nano bioactive glass and segmented polyurethane composites

“…The use of silicate based bioactive glasses is reported to promote osteoblast adhesion and proliferation. 28 In our study, MTS assay showed that DPSC proliferation initially increased (up to day 5) for all composition studied. However, it was compromised at day 9 when composites contained high contents of nBG ( Figure 12).…”

Mechanical and degradation properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) cement/borate bioactive glass composites

“…High water uptake can compromise the mechanical properties of cement (Lopes et al, ), and therefore this value was monitored. The weights of the composites increased over time in solution as more liquid entered them.…”

“…After soaking for 0, 1, 3, 7, or 21 days, specimens were taken out of solution, rinsed with deionized water, blotted dry, and weighed. Water uptake (% weight increase) was calculated as described by Lopes et al (). Specimens were dried in an oven at 90°C for 1 day to ensure that no water remained (Cui et al, ; Fu, Rahaman, Fu, & Liu, ).…”

“…Each specimen was individually placed into 15‐mL polypropylene conical centrifuge tubes. Specimens to be left unsoaked for mechanical testing (Day 0) were placed in empty tubes, and soaked specimens were added to tubes containing 2.5 mL PBS (Ricca Chemical, Arlington, TX; wt %: 99.02 H 2 O, 0.08 NaCl, 0.14 Na 2 HPO 4 , 0.03 KH 2 PO 4 , 0.02 KCl; Lopes, Garcia, Fernandes, & Fernandes, ). The cylindrical specimens were placed at the bottom of each vial but remained vertical, with fluid fully surrounding the specimen due to the conical geometry of the tube's bottom and the size of the specimen.…”

Bioactive polymethylmethacrylate bone cement modified with combinations of phosphate group-containing monomers and calcium acetate

“…Incorporating such fillers into PMMA cement by mechanical mixing has also achieved the purpose of improved bone bonding. 7–9 However, in some cases, this method still faces challenges in its details. For example, the formation of apatite was restricted to spots where the bioactive particles could be exposed to body fluid, and acquiring a better performance for affinity and osteoconductivity required an increase in the content of glass bead filler to 70 mass%.…”