Properties of epsilon‐polylysine·HCl/high‐methoxyl pectin polyelectrolyte complexes and their commercial application

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to characterize the physicochemical properties and evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) consisting of cationic epsilon‐polylysine·HCl (ε·PL·HCl) and anionic high‐methoxyl pectin (HMP). The physicochemical properties were analysed by microelectrophoresis (ζ‐potentials), mean diameter (Z‐average), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Experimental results indicated that PECs have different physicochemical properties or behaviour dependent on ε·PL·HCl/HMP mass ratio and ε·PL·HCl concentration. The antimicrobial activity was tested by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), which showed that the PECs had effective antimicrobial activity. Finally, this study found that using an appropriate proportion of PECs could not only avoid the formation of undesirable precipitates resulting from the interaction between ε·PL·HCl and anionic components within the soymilk systems, but also could extend their shelf‐life. Practical applications ε‐polylysine and its derivatives would interact with anionic components within foods and beverages through ionic adsorption resulting in forming undesirable precipitates, which will cause the decrease in its antimicrobial activity and the loss of food nutrients. In this study, HMP with ε·PL·HCl were used to form polyelectrolyte complexes as antimicrobial delivery systems and further reveal their physicochemical and antimicrobial properties. They could be satisfactorily applied in soymilk systems without sacrificing effective antimicrobial activity of ε·PL·HCl as well as avoiding undesirable precipitation. This information is expected to practical into protein‐containing beverage systems to extend their shelf‐life.

Multifunctional Antimicrobial Polypeptide-Selenium Nanoparticles Combat Drug-Resistant Bacteria

“…8 In the spectrum of plain ε-PL, the peaks at 3369 and 3224 cm −1 correspond to the primary and secondary amine stretching vibrations, respectively. 28,29 The peaks at 2929 and 2865 cm −1 are assigned to the symmetric and asymmetric C−H stretching vibrations, respectively. 28,29 The peaks in the ranges around 1690−1630 and 1590−1480 cm −1 are associated with the vibrational modes of primary and secondary amide groups, respectively.…”

Antibacterial Activity of Linezolid against Gram-Negative Bacteria: Utilization of ε-Poly-l-Lysine Capped Silica Xerogel as an Activating Carrier

“…Also the appearance of a peak at 1400 cm −1 originated from ε-poly- l -lysine alkyl groups and an increase in the intensity of the peak at 1636 cm −1 was observed [ 45 ]. There were no specific peaks derived from chemical reactions that was indication of the successful capping of S1 to obtain S2 only using electrostatic interactions with ε-poly- l -lysine [ 46 ].…”

Biopolymer‐based antimicrobial coatings for aquatic food products: A review

“…However, the cationic nature of EPL might react with the anionic components present in the beverages and food matrix via ionic adsorption leading to the generation of unwanted precipitates, which weakens the antimicrobial activity and promotes food nutrient loss. Therefore, to circumvent these difficulties, researchers have developed antimicrobial delivery systems using anionic polysaccharides to incorporate cationic EPL (Lv et al, 2020).…”