Properties of the gonads as controllers of somatic and psychical characteristics. VI. Testicular reactions in experimental cryptorchidism

Moore, Carl R.

doi:10.1002/aja.1000340202

Cited by 122 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…At 1 to 2 months after orchidopexy, active spermatogenesis was observed in the majority of the tubules, while some tubules delayed in recovery. The result obtained in the present study is in good accordance with other studies using various species [2,6,7,15,17]. It takes 4.5 cycles, 1 month and a half, in mice for the most undifferentiated type A spermatogonia to develop into mature spermatozoa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 39%

“…The spermatogenic process is impeded by the raise of the temperature of testes to the level of body temperature when the testes are surgically fixed within the abdominal cavity, or when heat is applied via the scrotum to the testes. Even insulation of the scrotum leads to degeneration of germ cells when it is covered with wool to prevent heat radiation [15,16].…”

Section: Animals Experimental Cryptorchidism and Its Surgical Reversalmentioning

confidence: 44%

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Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Experimentally-Induced Cryptorchidism in Adult Mice.

Ito

Tanemura

Gotoh

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In order to elucidate the mechanism of germ cell degeneration in experimental cryptorchidism, we examined the testes of adult mice from a morphological standpoint. Adult ICR mice were made cryptorchid either unilaterally or bilaterally. In some mice, testes were surgically replaced back into the scrotum at 2 months after induction of cryptorchidism to observe the regenerative process. Morphological changes of cryptorchid and replaced testes have been studied by light and electron microscopy. Testes were also examined by the TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling) method to evaluate whether the degenerative cells, spermatocytes and spermatids, were dying by apoptosis or by any other process(es). At 8 weeks after the induction of cryptorchidism, the seminiferous epithelium consisted only of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, and some spermatocytes of early meiotic stages. Soon after the replacement of testes to the scrotum, most of the seminiferous tubules resumed spermatogenic processes. Many degenerating cells, especially the spermatocytes, showed condensation of the nucleus and cytoplasm in cryptorchid testes. Although the cytoplasm was markedly eosinophilic under a light microscope to imply condensation of the cytoplasm, the extent of the condensation was not as pronounced under an electron microscope as reported in previous publications. The cytoplasm showed no expansion. By the TUNEL method, many of the degenerating cells, mainly the spermatocytes, have been shown as undergoing apoptosis. These data provide evidence that at least some of the cells die by apoptosis, or by a process similar to apoptosis. -KEY WORDS: apoptosis, cryptorchidism, germ cell, mouse, TUNEL.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 39%

Section: Animals Experimental Cryptorchidism and Its Surgical Reversalmentioning

confidence: 44%

Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Experimentally-Induced Cryptorchidism in Adult Mice.

Ito

Tanemura

Gotoh

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…These changes were accompanied by an increase in the volume fraction occupied by Leydig cells. Scrotal insulation does result in a considerable decrease in testis weight (Byers, 1984) and it is possible that the apparent increase in Leydig cell volume is due largely to tubule shrinkage and the consequent aggregation of interstitial tissue into a smaller volume, as suggested by Bascom (1923) and Moore (1924) after cryptorchidism. This aggregation effect will be less pronounced in the perfused tissue used in the present study as space left after shrinkage of the seminiferous epithelium is partly accounted for by the dilated lymphatics.…”

Section: Morphometrymentioning

confidence: 47%

Effect of scrotal insulation on the pituitary--testicular axis of the ram

Byers¹,

Glover²

1984

Reproduction

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“…The harmful effects of a rise in temperature of the scrotal testis on spermatogenesis were first shown by Moore (1922Moore ( , 1924aMoore ( , 1924b and Fukui (1923) for several species. The direct application of heat to rat testes (Fukui 1923) also produced testicular degeneration and infertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Effect of Scrotal Heating on Testicular Enzymes and Spermatogenesis in the Rat

Blackshaw¹,

Hamilton²,

Massey³

1973

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Immersion of the scrotal testis of the rat in water at 42°C for 30 min caused rapid damage to pachytene primary spermatocytes in stages 1, 2, 3, and occasionally 8 of the seminiferous epithelium. There was cytoplasmic chromophilia with eosin or Alcian blue and binding of the fluorescent dye 2-p-toluidinylnapthalene-6-sulphonate to the cell membranes. Rapid dissolution of damaged cells occurred and most had disappeared by 28 hr after heating. Early round spermatids also showed nuclear changes with vacuolation and the development of "signet ring" nuclei.Quantitative estimates of germ cell damage showed that the pre-meiotic stages were most susceptible to heat and that the later stages showed mainly maturation depletion changes.Acid phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase showed early histochemical increases about the damaged pachytene primary spermatocytes and these persisted until the damaged cells had been removed. Changes in the distribution of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases were also seen after heating.

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Properties of the gonads as controllers of somatic and psychical characteristics. VI. Testicular reactions in experimental cryptorchidism

Cited by 122 publications

References 9 publications

Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Experimentally-Induced Cryptorchidism in Adult Mice.

Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Experimentally-Induced Cryptorchidism in Adult Mice.

Effect of scrotal insulation on the pituitary--testicular axis of the ram

Effect of Scrotal Heating on Testicular Enzymes and Spermatogenesis in the Rat

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