Properties of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) as screening instruments used in primary care in Afghanistan

Ventevogel, Peter; Vries, Giel-Jan de; Scholte, Willem F.; Shinwari, Nasratullah Rasa; Faiz, Hafizullah; Nassery, Ruhullah; Brink, Wim van den; Olff, Miranda

doi:10.1007/s00127-007-0161-8

Cited by 160 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In Afghanistan, for example, when high prevalence rates for anxiety and depression (as-sessed using standard mental health questionnaires) were compared with a standard psychiatric interview, results indicated that the optimal cut-off points should be higher than usual for women, but lower than normal for men; this suggested that earlier studies may have over-and underestimated prevalence rates respectively (Ventevogel et al, 2007). Although it is beyond the scope of the present study to accurately determine this, mean K-10 scores for men were 18.5 and for women were 21.8, so even if these were adjusted in line with these findings, means for both men and women would still fall within the moderate risk range, significantly higher than the local populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Thinking Too Much”: Psychological distress, sources of stress and coping strategies of resettled Afghan and Kurdish refugees

Sulaiman-Hill¹,

Thompson²

2012

Journal of Muslim Mental Health

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This article outlines the main findings of an exploratory, mixed methods study examining the health and resettlement experiences of predominantly Muslim Afghan and Kurdish refugees in New Zealand and Australia. As post-migration experiences can impact the psychological well-being of already traumatized individuals, this study aimed to identify major sources of stress and describe the coping strategies they use to deal with it. Spending too much time reflecting on past experiences and current international events, separation from family, and feeling overwhelmed by resettlement challenges and concerns were important sources of ongoing stress. High levels of psychological distress and morbidity continued to be observed for some participants, several years after arrival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Thinking Too Much”: Psychological distress, sources of stress and coping strategies of resettled Afghan and Kurdish refugees

Sulaiman-Hill¹,

Thompson²

2012

Journal of Muslim Mental Health

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“…We adjusted for any inflation to pooled prevalence by specifying that prevalence derived from diagnostic tools was the gold standard. This is consistent with the methodology used by other authors specifying that data from symptoms scales need to be 'recalibrated' relative to data from diagnostic tools (145,147,148). Despite some differences in the DSM and ICD definitions of MDD, diagnostic criteria did not have a statistically significant effect on prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…There has been continuous debate as to whether symptom scales are better suited to measuring mental disorder symptoms or psychological distress (143)(144)(145) . In this case, we found that symptom scales inflated the overall prevalence of MDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating a complete epidemiological profile of major depressive disorder: Investigating the global distribution, risk factors, outcomes, and burden of major depressive disorder

Ferrari¹

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BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) has been previously recognized as a severely impacting disorder.Although effective intervention strategies exist, access to treatment remains low, particularly in low-to middle-income countries. The purpose of this thesis was to formulate a complete epidemiological profile for MDD. This involved investigating (1) the global distribution of MDD;(2) the global burden of MDD in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and years lost to premature mortality (YLLs) for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010); (3) the contribution of MDD as a risk factor to the distribution and burden of suicide and ischemic heart disease; and (4) the risk factors of MDD and related avenues for further research. Such an epidemiological profile assists in identifying the size of the population who may need intervention for MDD. It provides policy-makers with information that can, along with considerations of cost-effectiveness and equity, be used in resource allocation within the health sector. For researchers, it identifies where the gaps in the literature exist regarding the epidemiology of MDD which need to be addressed with future research. MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted to capture studies of the prevalence, incidence, duration, and excess-mortality associated with MDD. Data points were integrated into a statistical disease model using DisMod-MR, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. DisMod-MR predicts epidemiological data for parameters and parts of the world with no raw data and also accommodates known methodological and ecological determinants of MDD.To estimate burden, disability weights measuring the severity of health loss from MDD were obtained from population survey data. These were combined with DisMod-MR prevalence data to calculate YLDs for MDD by age, sex, year, and country. To calculate YLLs, comparative risk assessment methodology was used to explore MDD as a risk factor for both suicide and ischemic heart disease. Data from additional systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses were used to obtain the pooled relative-risk of (1) ischemic heart disease in those exposed to MDD, and (2) suicide in those exposed to select mental and substance use disorders including MDD. For each risk factor-outcome pairing, population attributable fractions were calculated from the pooled relativerisks and DisMod-MR prevalence data. These were then used to calculate the proportion of DALYs originally allocated to ischemic heart disease and suicide in GBD 2010 which could be re-assigned iii to MDD. Finally, an investigation into the risk factors for MDD was presented, with a working example of how two previously established risk factors, child sexual abuse (CSA) and intimate partner violence (IPV), can impact on the distribution of MDD. ResultsThe literature search for epidemiological data identified 116 prevalence, 4 incidence, 5 duration, and 11 excess-mortality studies. DisMod-MR estimated over 298 million poi...

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“…Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Hamilton, 1960); Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (Shoeb et 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 al., 2007); Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (Ventevogel et al, 2007); and the Post Migrational Living Difficulties Questionnaire (Silove et al, 1997).…”

Section: Assessment Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HSCL-25 has 10-items on anxiety symptoms and 15-items on depressive symptoms, which are scored from 1 (not at all) to 4 (extremely) (Ventevogel et al, 2007). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 Finally, the Post Migrational Living Difficulties Questionnaire was used in two studies was used in six studies was used in two studies with a cumulative sample size of 349 (100% of whom met study inclusion criteria), and assessed levels of stress due to post migration stressors.…”

Section: Self-reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-based care for Iraqi, Kurdish, and Syrian asylum seekers and refugees of the Syrian civil war: A systematic review.

Nakeyar¹,

Frewen²

2016

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

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We conducted a systematic review of literature reporting on the prevalence of assessment measures, treatments, and biomarkers used in the diagnosis and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Iraqi, Kurdish, and Syrian refugees. We performed a search of medical, psychological, and sociological databases on all relevant literature published between January 2011 and March 2016. Seventeen manuscripts met the study inclusion criteria. Seven assessment measures were used in more than 1 study, 4 of which were clinically administered (Vivo Checklist of War, Detention, and Torture; Clinically Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS); Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), and 3 of which were self-report measures (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ); Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25); Post Migrational Living Difficulties (PMLD)). Two studies reported on psychological treatment, both of which administered Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET); no other systematic psychological treatments were identified. Several biomarkers were investigated but only in a single study each, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of lateral prefrontal regions, right inferior parietal cortex, and bilateral isthmus of the cingulate, EEG event-related potentials, hypercortisolemia, and elevated heart rate. On the basis of these findings, we advocate the use of the HTQ, HSCL-25, and PMLD to exclude PTSD noncases and the CAPS for diagnosis of PTSD in Iraqi, Kurdish, and Syrian refugees in Canada. We further suggest NET as the psychological treatment currently with the strongest evidence base in this population. Finally, we advocate continued research into biomarkers as a means of improving and objectifying psychological assessment and treatment of PTSD in Canadian refugee populations.

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Properties of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) as screening instruments used in primary care in Afghanistan

Abstract: This study underlines the necessity of validating instruments along with cultural context and gender. Earlier studies in Afghanistan may have overestimated the prevalence of mental disorders among women and underestimated the prevalence in men.

Cited by 160 publications

References 34 publications

“Thinking Too Much”: Psychological distress, sources of stress and coping strategies of resettled Afghan and Kurdish refugees

“Thinking Too Much”: Psychological distress, sources of stress and coping strategies of resettled Afghan and Kurdish refugees

Formulating a complete epidemiological profile of major depressive disorder: Investigating the global distribution, risk factors, outcomes, and burden of major depressive disorder

Evidence-based care for Iraqi, Kurdish, and Syrian asylum seekers and refugees of the Syrian civil war: A systematic review.

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