Prophylactic Amifostine Preserves the Biomechanical Properties of Irradiated Bone in the Murine Mandible

Felice, Peter A.; Ahsan, Salman; Perosky, Joseph E.; Deshpande, Sagar S.; Nelson, Noah S.; Donneys, Alexis; Kozloff, Kenneth M.; Buchman, Steven R.

doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000438454.29980.f8

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…According to Nyaruba et al (21) and Wernle et al (22), alterations in bone strength seem to be more related to changes in the trabecular morphology than in the cortical morphology of irradiated bone. Nevertheless, the influence of ionizing radiation on the mechanical properties of bone was not yet fully clarified, as there are conflicting reports in previous studies (11,(21)(22)(23). In addition, the micro-CT images (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In search to reduce bone damage due to irradiation, Rocha et al (8) and Freitas et al (9) observed a radioprotective effect of sodium selenite on bone healing in rat tibia, and Felice et al (11) noted radioprotective effects of amifostine on bone strength in rat mandible. However, in this study as in others (5-7), was chosen to evaluate the NSAID meloxicam as a radiationprotective agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to mitigate oral complications, many radiationprotective agents have been studied with the aim of reducing the side effects due to radiotherapy on normal cells (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Possible radioprotective effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been researched recently and positive results have been observed (5,6,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meloxicam as a Radiation-Protective Agent on Mandibles of Irradiated Rats

et al. 2017

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This study evaluated the action of ionizing radiation and the possible radioprotective effect of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam on the bone physiology of rat mandibles by assessing the alveolar socket healing and bone strength. Forty male Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups (n=10): control (CG), irradiated (IG), meloxicam (MG), meloxicam irradiated (MIG). A dose of 0.2 mg/kg meloxicam was administered to MG and MIG. After this, IG and MIG were irradiated with 15 Gy radiation dose in the mandible. Forty days after the above procedures, the mandibular first molars were extracted and the animals were killed after 15 or 30 days (n=5). Micro-computed tomography and bending test were used to evaluate alveolar socket healing and bone strength, respectively. At 15 days, bone volume, bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness were higher in the CG and MG than in the IG and MIG; and trabecular separation was higher in the IG compared with the others. At 30 days, there was a difference only in trabecular separation, which was higher in IG than in CG and MG, and MIG did not differ from the others. Bone strength was lower in IG compared with CG and MG, and MIG did not differ from the others. In conclusion, the ionizing radiation affected the bone physiology of rat mandibles, delaying the alveolar socket healing and reducing the bone strength. Moreover, the meloxicam had a positive effect on the trabecular separation in alveolar socket healing and on the bone strength.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meloxicam as a Radiation-Protective Agent on Mandibles of Irradiated Rats

et al. 2017

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“…Amifostine prophylaxis, however, also maintained native bone structure to the level of the nonirradiated controls 8 weeks after radiation. 27 Furthermore, amifostine pre-treatment preserved bone mineralization to the level of the nonirradiated control 18 weeks following radiotherapy, as there was no statistical difference between the mineral density levels and mineral to collagen ratios between groups. 27 , 28 These results, corroborated with micro-CT analysis, demonstrated that amifostine prophylaxis maintained mineralization metrics (BVF, BMD, and TMD) of irradiated bone to that of the nonirradiated controls.…”

Section: Pharmaceutical and Cellular-based Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Overcoming Nuclear Winter: The Cutting-edge Science of Bone Healing and Regeneration in Irradiated Fields

Daniel

Luby

Buchman

et al. 2021

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background: The incidence of cancer worldwide is expected to be more than 22 million annually by 2030. Approximately half of these patients will likely require radiation therapy. Although radiotherapy has been shown to improve disease control and increase survivorship, it also results in damage to adjacent healthy tissues, including the bone, which can lead to devastating skeletal complications, such as nonunion, pathologic fractures, and osteoradionecrosis. Pathologic fractures and osteoradionecrosis are ominous complications that can result in large bone and soft tissue defects requiring complex reconstruction. Current clinical management strategies for these conditions are suboptimal and dubious at best. The gold standard in treatment of severe radiation injury is free tissue transfer; however, this requires a large operation that is limited to select candidates. Methods: With the goal to expand current treatment options and to assuage the devastating sequelae of radiation injury on surrounding normal tissue, our laboratory has performed years of translational studies aimed at remediating bone healing and regeneration in irradiated fields. Three therapeutics (amifostine, deferoxamine, and adipose-derived stem cells) have demonstrated great promise in promoting healing and regeneration of irradiated bone. Results: Amifostine confers prophylactic protection, whereas deferoxamine and adipose-derived stem cells function to remediate postradiation associated injury. Conclusions: These prospective therapeutics exploit a mechanism attributed to increasing angiogenesis and ultimately function to protect or restore cellularity, normal cellular function, osteogenesis, and bone healing to nonirradiated metrics. These discoveries may offer innovative treatment alternatives to free tissue transfer with the added benefit of potentially preventing and treating osteoradionecrosis and pathologic fractures

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“…Previous studies (3,15,(16)(17)(18) have sought to develop a model for induction of osteoradionecrosis in animals, through bone physiological changes with ionizing radiation; however, only a few have sought to evaluate means to prevent the development of the same. Moreover, although some experimental studies have studied the effect of radioprotective agents on the injuries of ionizing radiation (6,10,(19)(20)(21), their search was made with the goal to prevent or reduce acute complications of high doses of ionizing radiation. According to our knowledge, only one study (3) was found in the literature in which it was used a substance (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) with the aim to prevent or minimize chronic complications caused by ionizing radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioprotective Effect of Sodium Selenite on Mandible of Irradiated Rats

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this study was to test the radioprotective effect of selenium in the bone microarchitecture of irradiated rats mandibles. Forty rats were separated into 4 groups with 10 animals: control group (CG), irradiated group (IG), sodium selenite group (SSG) and sodium selenite irradiated group (SSIG). A single dose of 0.8 mg/kg sodium selenite was administered intraperitoneally in the SSG and SSIG groups. One hour later, animals of IG and SSIG groups were irradiated with 15 Gy of x-rays. Forty days after radiation a bilateral extraction of the mandibular first molars was performed. After the extraction procedure, five rats were killed after fifteen days and others five after thirty days. Micro- computed tomography was used to evaluate cortical and trabecular bone of each rat. The mean and standard deviation of each bone microarchitecture parameter were analyzed using the statistical test of two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). At 15 days, the bone volume presented higher values in the CG and SSG groups (p=0.001). The same groups presented statistically significant higher values when bone volume fraction (p<0.001) and trabecular thickness (p<0.001) were analyzed. At 30 days, it was observed that in relation to the bone volume fraction, SSG group presented the highest value while SSIG group had the lowest value, with statistically significant difference (p=0.016). Sodium selenite demonstrated a median radioprotective effect in the bone microarchitecture of irradiated mandibles, which indicates the substance may be a potential radioprotective agent against chronic effects of high doses of ionizing radiation.

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Prophylactic Amifostine Preserves the Biomechanical Properties of Irradiated Bone in the Murine Mandible

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Meloxicam as a Radiation-Protective Agent on Mandibles of Irradiated Rats

Meloxicam as a Radiation-Protective Agent on Mandibles of Irradiated Rats

Overcoming Nuclear Winter: The Cutting-edge Science of Bone Healing and Regeneration in Irradiated Fields

Radioprotective Effect of Sodium Selenite on Mandible of Irradiated Rats

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