Prophylactic Role of a Herbomineral Drug “Thamira Parpam” Against Cysteamine-Induced Oxidative Stress in Liver and Duodenum of Rats

Abstract

Copper is known as Gunma Kaalan in Siddha literature, which means that the drug is effective for healing ulcers. The herbomineral drug "Thamira parpam" is prepared by calcining the purified copper foils with rock salt, lime juice, bracteated birth wort juice, and Alangium root decoction according to Siddha medicine. Our study investigated the possible role of Thamira parpam (TP) in the management of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers. Cysteamine (400 mg kg(-1) body weight(-1), two doses at 4 h interval) orally given to rats resulted in high ulcer index, increased TBARS with concomitant depletion of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and inflammatory markers cathepsin D, and myeloperoxidase (p < 0.01). Herbomineral drug TP (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, p.o.) challenged with cysteamine attenuated the elevation of TBARS and imbalance of antioxidants. In the increases in liver inflammatory markers, tissue histopathology changes were not severe in TP treatment. Positive control omeprazole (25 mg/kg, body weight, orally) showed considerable protection against anomaly in biochemical parameters and tissue histology. Hence, our results indicate that the attenuation of oxidative stress by the herbomineral drug in experimentally induced damage to liver and duodenum of rats could be mediated by free radical quenching property.

Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vivo Toxicological Evaluation of Copper (II) Oxide Containing Herbometallic Siddha Nanocomplex “Thamira Parpam”

“…TP is known as “Gunma kalan” in Siddha literature which means that the drug is effective in healing ulcers. The anti-ulcer efficacy of TP has already been reported in rats from our laboratory ( Parameswari et al, 2010 ; Vasanthkumar et al, 2010 ). The purified form of copper oxide is used in the treatment and management of obesity, tuberculosis, cough, asthma, skin diseases, and obesity ( Bhavyasree and Xavier, 2020 ).…”

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“…SOD scavenges the super oxide radical one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for lipid peroxidation. This reaction leads to increase in generation of peroxyl radical (RO 2 ), which is also capable of producing more oxidative damage 20 . Pyloric ligation-induced ulceration involves damage by ROS apart from acid and pepsin related factors 21 .…”