“…In Peru, self-efficacy has been recently studied from a preferably psychometric perspective, through the analysis of various scales that measure teaching self-efficacy (Burga, 2015), academic self-efficacy (Alegre, 2014;Dominguez-Lara, 2014;Dominguez-Lara et al, 2012, Domiguez-Lara & Fernández-Arata, 2019, research self-efficacy (Dominguez-Lara, 2017), and self-efficacy in general (Alegre, 2013;. These investigations, however, have been based in the vast majority of cases on samples of university students in the city of Lima (capital of Peru), and have used models derived from Classical Test Theory.…”