Prospective applications of microRNAs in oral cancer: A review (Review)

Fang, Chuan; Li, Yadong

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10751

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Primarily, two classes of miRNAs, oncomiRs and tumor suppressor miRs (TS-miRs), are observed that regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, respectively [ 30 ]. Accumulating evidence has shown insight into the functional role of the deregulated miRNAs in controlling the expression of their target mRNAs, leading to regulation of signaling pathways involved in oral cancer [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. A total of 2300 true human mature miRNAs have been identified, but their action on target mRNAs is challenging to characterize due to their multi-target inherent nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs as Modulators of Oral Tumorigenesis—A Focused Review

Rishabh

Khadilkar

Kumar

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Oral cancers constitute the majority of head and neck tumors, with a relatively high incidence and poor survival rate in developing countries. While the five-year survival rates of the oral cancer patients have increased to 65%, the overall survival for advanced stages has been at 27% for the past ten years, emphasizing the necessity for further understanding the etiology of the disease, diagnosis, and formulating possible novel treatment regimens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a family of small non-coding RNA, have emerged as master modulators of gene expression in various cellular and biological process. Aberrant expression of these dynamic molecules has been associated with many human diseases, including oral cancers. The deregulated miRNAs have been shown to control various oncogenic processes, including sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death activating invasion and metastasis, and inducing angiogenesis. Hence, the aberrant expression of miRNAs associated with oral cancers, makes them potential candidates for the investigation of functional markers, which will aid in the differential diagnosis, prognosis, and development of novel therapeutic regimens. This review presents a holistic insight into our understanding of the role of miRNAs in regulating various hallmarks of oral tumorigenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs as Modulators of Oral Tumorigenesis—A Focused Review

Rishabh

Khadilkar

Kumar

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…These noncoding RNAs, generally composed of 18–22 nucleotides, can suppress the expression of corresponding genes by targeting the 3′-untranslated regions of mRNA and subsequently regulate the malignant behaviors of cancer cells. In oral cancer, several oncogenic or tumor-suppressive miRNAs have been reported, and investigations on how these small RNAs regulate lymph node metastasis have been noteworthy [ 86 , 87 , 88 ]. To explore the biological function of miRNA in regulating lymph node metastasis in oral cancer, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of a Taiwanese cohort that were established using genomic DNA and mRNA from 40 tumor tissues and matched oral mucosa [ 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ].…”

Section: Perspectives On Molecular Tumorigenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights Into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Clinical Aspects to Molecular Tumorigenesis

Chen

Hsiao

Chang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a prevalent malignant disease worldwide, especially so in Taiwan. Early- or even preclinical-stage detection is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality from oral SCC. Epidemiological and genome association studies are useful for identifying clinicopathological risk factors for preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches of oral SCC. For advanced oral SCC, effective treatments are critical to prolonging survival and enhancing quality of life. As oral SCC is characteristic of regional invasion with lymph node metastases, understanding the aggressive features of oral SCC, particularly in lymphangiogenesis, is essential for determining effective treatments. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastases. Recent clinical successes in immune checkpoint inhibitors either alone or combined with chemotherapy have also supported the therapeutic value of immunotherapy in oral SCC. This review summarizes critical advances in basic knowledge of oral SCC from the perspective of clinicopathological risk factors, molecular tumorigenesis, and the TME. We also highlight our recent investigations on the microbiome, genome association studies, lymphangiogenesis, and immunomodulation in oral SCC. This review may provide new insights for oral SCC treatment by systematically interpreting emerging evidence from various preclinical and clinical studies.

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“…Numerous miRNAs have been shown to be significantly expressed in various cancers, including OSCC, acting as tumor suppressors and/or oncogenes. However, there is limited information about lncRNAs in OSCC and their function as sponges for expressed miRNAs ( 7 , 9 – 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the expression accuracy, we chose two miRNAs for further analysis, i.e. , miR-34a and miR-145 , and three lncRNAs, ROR , SNGH1 , and AB209630 ( 7 , 10 , 12 , 13 ), to reveal whether their expression supports the dynamics of the observed patterns of NANOG expression in OSCC cancerogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs as Regulators of NANOG Expression in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

et al. 2021

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NANOG is a stem cell transcription factor that is believed to play an important role in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but there is limited data regarding the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of NANOG expression. We therefore analyzed expression of NANOG, NANOG-regulating miRNAs and lncRNAs in OSCC cancerogenesis, using oral biopsy samples from 66 patients including normal mucosa, dysplasia, and OSCC. Expression analysis of NANOG, miR-34a, miR-145, RoR, SNHG1, AB209630, and TP53 was performed using qPCR and immunohistochemistry for NANOG protein detection. NANOG protein showed no staining in normal mucosa, very weak in low-grade dysplasia, and strong staining in high-grade dysplasia and OSCC. NANOG, miR-145, RoR, and SNHG1 showed up-regulation, TP53 and miR-34a showed down-regulation, and AB209630 showed variable expression during cancerogenesis. NANOG mRNA was up-regulated early in cancerogenesis, before strong protein expression can be detected. NANOG was in correlation with miR-145 and RoR. Our results suggest that miRNAs and lncRNAs, particularly miR-145 and RoR, might be important post-transcription regulatory mechanisms of NANOG in OSCC cancerogenesis. Furthermore, NANOG protein detection has a diagnostic potential for oral high-grade dysplasia, distinguishing it from low-grade dysplasia and non-neoplastic reactive lesions.

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Prospective applications of microRNAs in oral cancer: A review (Review)

Cited by 27 publications

References 125 publications

MicroRNAs as Modulators of Oral Tumorigenesis—A Focused Review

MicroRNAs as Modulators of Oral Tumorigenesis—A Focused Review

New Insights Into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Clinical Aspects to Molecular Tumorigenesis

MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs as Regulators of NANOG Expression in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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