Prospective clinical validation of 3D printed nasopharyngeal swabs for diagnosis of COVID-19

Oland, Gabriel; Garner, Omai B.; Maurice, Annabelle de St

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115257

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…3D printing proved to be such a manufacturing technique with numerous cases of its utilization for the fabrication of PPEs reported [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. This included healthcare institutions already owning 3D printers used on other occasions, companies whose production lines were put on halt due to the pandemic outbreak, local maker communities and SMEs owning 3D printing equipment, university labs where such equipment is used for research and educational purposes, as well as dedicated makerspaces and fab labs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Companies whose production lines were put on halt due to the pandemic outbreak also used their 3D printers toward this direction. Enterprises, such as SpaceX, Tesla, AirCo, INKSmith, Markforged, Formlabs, Voodoo Manufacturing, and Resonance, 3M, Johnson Safety Products, Alpha ProTech, DuPont, MSA Safety, Honeywell, Ansell, etc., manufactured PPEs and other protective equipment [22][23][24]. More specifically, thousands of 3D antibacterial biocellulose swabs lattice structure for COVID-19 testing as well as antibacterial bio-cellulose masks and respirator valves have been produced in this way [13].…”

Section: D Printing Technology On Ppe Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing Zero-Waste COVID-19 Personal Protection Equipment: a Case Study of Utilizing 3D Printing While Employing Waste Material Recycling

et al. 2021

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COVID-19 pandemic outbreak dictated the extensive use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by the majority of the population and mostly by frontline professionals. This need triggered a sudden demand that led to a global shortage of available PPEs threatening to have an immense contribution to the virus contamination spread. In these conditions, the need for a local, flexible, and rapid manufacturing method that would be able to cope with the increased demand for PPE fabrication arose. 3D printing proved to be such a manufacturing technique since its working principles make it an ideal technology for local, decentralized production of PPEs meeting the local demands. While considered to be more environmentally friendly than conventional fabrication techniques and aligning well with the principles of sustainability and circular economy, 3D printing can produce waste as the result of potential failed prints and material used for the fabrication of support structures. This paper describes the case of utilizing pre-existing FDM 3D printing equipment in an academic facility for the production of PPEs (face shields) and their distribution according to local demands. The plastic wastes produced were forwarded to a recycling process that led to their conversion to 3D filament that would be returned to the academic facility as raw material for future 3D printing operations. The followed procedure minimized 3D printing waste and led to a zerowaste fabrication case that was initiated in a pandemic for a greater-good cause (production of COVID-19 fighting PPEs) while assimilating the values of sustainability and circular economy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D Printing Technology On Ppe Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing Zero-Waste COVID-19 Personal Protection Equipment: a Case Study of Utilizing 3D Printing While Employing Waste Material Recycling

et al. 2021

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“…Collaboration of big universities and key 3D printer making companies allowed for prototyping and quality testing new devices shared online for public use. The 3D printed nasal swabs were one of the main outcomes of such collaborations during the early stages of this pandemic [ 67 , 68 ]. Despite the rapidness and accessibility of 3D printing, one of the main challenges with the mentioned approach is the lack of safety regulation and meeting the standards of proposed devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of 3D Printing in the Fight Against Covid-19 Outbreak

et al. 2021

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Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, urgent needs for medical and specialized products, especially personal protective equipment, has been overwhelming. The conventional production line of medical devices has been challenged by excessive global demand, and the need for an easy, low-cost and rapid fabrication method is felt more than ever. In a scramble to address this shortfall, manufacturers referred to additive manufacturing or 3D printing to fill the gap and increase the production line of medical devices. Various previously/conventionally fabricated designs have been modified and redesigned to suit the 3D printing requirement to fight against COVID-19. In this perspective, various designs accommodated for the current worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 are discussed and how 3D printing could help the global community against the current and future conditions has been explored.

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“…Cox and Koepsell [52] created a PETG nasopharyngeal swab. Arnold et al [53] developed a swab with an open lattice design to be produced by DLP process. Resolution Medical and Origin Laboratories also have different types of 3D-printed swab models [54].…”

Section: D Printing In the Diagnosis Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel additive manufacturing applications for communicable disease prevention and control: focus on recent COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2021

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COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has had serious adverse effects globally in 2020 which are foreseen to extend in 2021, as well. The most important of these effects was exceeding the capacity of the healthcare infrastructures, and the related inability to meet the need for various medical equipment especially within the first months of the crisis following the emergence and rapid spreading of the virus. Urgent global demand for the previously unavailable personal protective equipment, sterile disposable medical supplies as well as the active molecules including vaccines and drugs fueled the need for the coordinated efforts of the scientific community. Amid all this confusion, the rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing, has demonstrated its competitive advantage by repositioning its capabilities to respond to the urgent need. Individual and corporate, amateur and professional all makers around the world with 3D printing capacity became united in effort to fill the gap in the supply chain until mass production is available especially for personal protective equipment and other medical supplies. Due to the unexpected, everchanging nature of the COVID-19 pandemic-like all other potential communicable diseases-the need for rapid design and 3D production of parts and pieces as well as sterile disposable medical equipment and consumables is likely to continue to keep its importance in the upcoming years. This review article summarizes how additive manufacturing technology can contribute to such cases with special focus on the recent COVID-19 pandemic.

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Prospective clinical validation of 3D printed nasopharyngeal swabs for diagnosis of COVID-19

Abstract: Highlights Diagnosis of COVID-19 using 3D printed swabs needs prospective validation Two 3D printed designs demonstrate high concordance with traditional flocked swabs 3D printed swabs may be appropriate alternatives for diagnosing COVID-19

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Manufacturing Zero-Waste COVID-19 Personal Protection Equipment: a Case Study of Utilizing 3D Printing While Employing Waste Material Recycling

Manufacturing Zero-Waste COVID-19 Personal Protection Equipment: a Case Study of Utilizing 3D Printing While Employing Waste Material Recycling

The Role of 3D Printing in the Fight Against Covid-19 Outbreak

Novel additive manufacturing applications for communicable disease prevention and control: focus on recent COVID-19 pandemic

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