Prospective Memory, Concurrent Task Management, and Pilot Error

Dismukes, Key; Nowinski, Jessica

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305722.003.0016

Cited by 47 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is even more unlikely that individuals in domains such as health care and aviation rehearse intentions, because of primary task demands and the multiple intentions that need to be executed (Dismukes & Nowinski, 2007).…”

Section: Table 4 Results Of the Multiple Linear Regressions Predictinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it is unlikely that task demand would have had an effect because nurses did not seem to engage in goal rehearsal. This is indicated by the fact that no predictor mediated by rehearsal (interruption lag, distractions during interruptions, and fixation on task representation) had an effect on resumption times and other research that showed that in field settings individuals seldom rehearse intentions Dismukes & Nowinski, 2007;Kvavilashvili & Fisher, 2007).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In both paradigms, encoding time is limited and distracted by the interrupting/primary tasks demands, and the time for task resumption is situationally defined by the end of the interrupting/primary task and not by a specific event or time as in other prospective memory paradigms (McDaniel, Einstein, Graham & Rall, 2004). The typical dependent variable in prospective memory experiments is the frequency with which intentions are remembered.The associative activation model is an elaboration of the automatic view of prospective memory and was developed in the context of aviation (for a detailed description see Dismukes & Nowinski, 2007). According to the automatic view of prospective memory, an encoded intention is automatically associated with specific cues.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Grundgeiger

Sanderson

MacDougall

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

121

124

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Interruptions are frequent in many work domains. Researchers in health care have started to study interruptions extensively, but their studies usually do not use a theoretically guided approach. Conversely, researchers conducting theoretically rich laboratory studies on interruptions have not usually investigated how effectively their findings account for humans working in complex systems such as intensive care units. In the current study, we use the memory for goals theory and prospective memory theory to investigate which properties of an interruption influence how long it takes nurses to resume interrupted critical care tasks. We collected data with a mobile eye tracker in an intensive care unit and developed multiple regression models to predict resumption times. In 55.8% of all interruptions there was a finite-and therefore analyzable-resumption lag. For these cases, the main regression model explained 30.9% (adjusted R 2 ) of the variance. Longer interruptions (␤ ϭ .36, p Ͻ .001) and changes in physical location due to interruptions (␤ ϭ .40, p Ͻ .001) lengthened the resumption lag. We also calculated regression models on subsets of the data to investigate the generality of the above findings across different situations. In a further 37.6% of all interruptions, nurses used behavioral strategies that greatly diminished or eliminated individual prospective memory demands caused by interruptions, resulting in no analyzable resumption lag. We introduce a descriptive model that accounts for how nurses' behaviors affect the cognitive demand of resuming an interrupted task. Finally, we discuss how the disruptive effects of interruptions in the intensive care unit could be diminished or prevented.Keywords: interruptions, prospective memory, memory for goals, distributed cognition, intensive careIn the present study, we use theoretical models of interruptions and prospective memory to investigate factors that might make it easier or harder for people to return to an interrupted task. The potentially disruptive effects of interruptions on cognition are well recognized. Interruptions have been examined in aviation (e.g., Dismukes, Young, & Sumwalt, 1998), driving (e.g., Strayer & Johnston, 2001), human-computer interaction (e.g., Iqbal & Horvitz, 2007;McFarlane, 2002), and health care (e.g., Chisholm, Collison, Nelson, & Cordell, 2000;Coiera & Tombs, 1998;Parker & Coiera, 2000). In safety-critical domains, interruptions might contribute to errors and accidents. For example, Westbrook, Woods, Rob, Dunsmuir, and Day (2010b) showed that interruptions increase the chance of medication administration errors.Although studies have investigated interruptions in applied settings, most studies are descriptive. In contrast, in the present study we have aimed for a theoretically motivated causal account. To our knowledge, in health care only one empirical paper on interruptions appears to have used a theoretically motivated approach (for reviews see Biron, Loiselle, & Lavoie-Tremblay, 2009;. In a retrospective analysis of findi...

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Section: Table 4 Results Of the Multiple Linear Regressions Predictinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Grundgeiger

Sanderson

MacDougall

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

121

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Instead, laboratory-based investigations are generally performed to develop and test cognitive theories and models relating to memory and attention (for example, Altmann & Trafton, 2002;Dismukes & Nowinski, 2007). In laboratory experiments, factors such as the exact time of arrival of an interruption, its duration, any advance warning of the interruption, the availability of visual cues relating to the original task, and so on, have been manipulated to distinguish different theories and build effective models.…”

Section: Forms Of Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They drew upon the memory for goals theory (Altman & Trafton, 2002) and the associative activation model (Dismukes & Nowinski, 2007) to identify prospectively six factors that might influence how long it would take nurses to resume their primary task after an interruption (the "resumption lag").…”

Section: Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do interruptions affect clinician performance in healthcare? Negotiating fidelity, control, and potential generalizability in the search for answers

Sanderson

Grundgeiger

2015

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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The Impact of Absolute Importance and Processing Overlaps on Prospective Memory Performance

Walter

Meier

2015

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Prospective memory is the ability to remember an intention at an appropriate moment in the future. Prospective memory tasks can be more or less important. Previously, importance was manipulated by emphasizing the importance of the prospective memory task relative to the ongoing task it was embedded in. This resulted in better prospective memory performance but also ongoing task costs. In the present study, we simply instructed one group of participants that the prospective memory task was important (i.e., absolute importance instruction) and compared them with a group with relative importance instructions and a control group. The results showed that absolute importance leads to an increase in prospective memory performance without enhancing ongoing task costs, whereas relative importance resulted in both increased prospective memory performance and ongoing task costs. Thus, prospective memory can be enhanced without ongoing task costs, which is particularly crucial for safety-work contexts.

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Prospective Memory, Concurrent Task Management, and Pilot Error

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

How do interruptions affect clinician performance in healthcare? Negotiating fidelity, control, and potential generalizability in the search for answers

The Impact of Absolute Importance and Processing Overlaps on Prospective Memory Performance

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