Prospective study on metabolic factors and risk of prostate cancer

Häggström, Christel; Stocks, Tanja; Ulmert, David; Bjørge, Tone; Ulmer, Hanno; Hallmans, Göran; Manjer, Jonas; Engeland, Anders; Nagel, Gabriële; Almqvist, Martin; Selmer, Randi; Concin, Hans; Tretli, Steinar; Jonsson, Håkan; Stattin, Pär

doi:10.1002/cncr.27677

Cited by 95 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(7) July 2015 Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Preventionand 10 cohort studies) were included in this analysis (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). In the 14 included studies, the retrospective cohort study by Farwell and colleagues (18) was also included because it prospectively measured serum cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some epidemiologic studies and preclinical models also suggest that high levels of cholesterol in blood may be associated with the risk of prostate cancer (6). However, the findings from these epidemiologic studies are inconsistent (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23), as some studies have reported that high levels of cholesterol increased risk of prostate cancer (15,16,18), and some studies have reported no association between cholesterol and risk of prostate cancer (10-14, 17, 19, 21-23). Moreover, high cholesterol has been proposed to be closely associated to late-stage prostate cancer, and cholesterol may play a promotional role in late-stage prostate cancer development and progression (11,15,18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cholesterol Levels in Blood and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis of 14 Prospective Studies

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2015

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: As a neutral lipid and prominent component of the Western diet, cholesterol levels might be a risk factor for prostate cancer. However, current evidence has been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between blood cholesterol levels and the risk of prostate cancer.Methods: An extensive search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE for prospective studies that have reported the association between total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels in blood and risk of prostate cancer. Random-effects models were used to summarize the study-specific results.Results: Fourteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis, the summarized risk ratios (RR) for the highest to lowest cholesterol levels were as follows: 1.05 [95%

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol Levels in Blood and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis of 14 Prospective Studies

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2015

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…In 19 studies, the source of population was the general population [16,17,18,19,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,31,33,34,35,36,37,38]; two populations were cohorts of university students [20,30] and two were professional groups [24,32]. Almost all populations were more than 90% Caucasian.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid duplicate information from overlapping studies, we removed 12 studies because their results were pooled or updated. The remaining 23 studies were included in this review [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 3 of the 23 studies, only weight (but not BMI) analysis was performed [34,35,38]. Anthropometric variables were measured in 12 studies [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,27,28,32,34,36], in 10 studies they were self-reported [24,25,26,29,30,31,33,35,37,38] and in 1 they were measured or self-reported [23]. A relationship between body weight and the risk of PCa and fatal PCa was analysed in 6 studies [16,17,20,21,26,32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity and Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies

et al. 2013

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Background: There has been a large body of research on obesity and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) that has been published recently. However, the epidemiological evidence for such an association has not been consistent. This may be attributed to the nature of case-control and retrospective studies, which generally are more prone to biases. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of prospective cohort studies to assess the association between obesity and the risk of PCa incidence and death. Methods: A search of the PubMed database and references of published studies (from inception until March 2013) was conducted. Twenty-three eligible studies were identified and included in the systematic review. Results: The evidence from the prospective cohort studies linking obesity with PCa incidence has not been consistent. However, cumulative data is compelling for a strong positive association between obesity and fatal PCa. Conclusions: Obesity is a significant diet-related risk factor for fatal PCa. Further well-constructed, large cohort studies on the potential association between obesity and PCa, as well as on underlying mechanisms, are needed.

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Serum cholesterol and the risk of developing hormonally driven cancers: A narrative review

et al. 2022

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Although cholesterol has been hypothesized to promote cancer development through several potential pathways, its role in the risk of developing hormonally driven cancer is controversial. This literature review summarizes evidence from the highest quality studies to examine the consistency and strength of the relationship between serum cholesterol parameters and incidence of hormonally driven cancer. Articles were identified using EMBASE. Longitudinal observational studies published between January 2000 and December 2020 were considered for inclusion. The endpoint of interest was incident prostate, ovary, breast, endometrium, and uterine cancers. In total, 2732 reports were identified and screened; 41 studies were included in the review. No associations were found for ovarian cancer. Most endometrial cancer studies were null. The majority (76.9%) of studies reported no association between cholesterol and prostate cancer. Data on breast cancer were conflicting, associations limited, and effect sizes modest. Our results do not provide evidence for a clear association between cholesterol and different types of incident, hormonally driven reproductive cancers. Future studies should investigate the impact of lipid‐lowering therapy.

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Prospective study on metabolic factors and risk of prostate cancer

Abstract: The authors found no evidence of an association between high levels of metabolic factors and the risk of prostate cancer, but high BMI, elevated blood pressure, and a composite score of all metabolic factors were associated with an increased risk of death from prostate cancer.

Cited by 95 publications

References 51 publications

Cholesterol Levels in Blood and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis of 14 Prospective Studies

Cholesterol Levels in Blood and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis of 14 Prospective Studies

Obesity and Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies

Serum cholesterol and the risk of developing hormonally driven cancers: A narrative review

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