Prospective surveillance of hospitalisations associated with varicella-zoster virus infections in children and adolescents

Bonhoeffer, Jan; Baer, Gurli; Muehleisen, Beda; Aebi, Christoph; Nadal, David; Schaad, Urs B.; Heininger, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/s00431-005-1637-8

Cited by 91 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…This rare complication was also seen in our study in the immunocompetent group with a recovery period of six months. Varicella appears to cause transient hepatitis in children with a rate of 3-3.5% (3,7,14). In our study the overall hepatitis rate was 16% with 6 (9%) patients in the immunocompetent and 10 (29%) in the immunocompromised group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…Although varicella usually results in mild to moderate illness in immunocompetent patients, serious complications can arise (1). Most of the varicella-related complications were reported in children without severe underlying immune compromising conditions (14,17,18). Our study suggests that in previously healthy children, severe complications requiring hospitalization are more than in the immunocompromised children due to the increased risk awareness and early initiation of antiviral treatment in these children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Varicella-Related Hospitalizations Among Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Children in Pre-Vaccine Era: A Tertiary Care Center Experience in Turkey

Doğan¹,

Okur²,

Tanır³

2018

jpr

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Varicella-Related Hospitalizations Among Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Children in Pre-Vaccine Era: A Tertiary Care Center Experience in Turkey

Doğan¹,

Okur²,

Tanır³

2018

jpr

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“…6 However, the severity of primary infection tends to increase with the age of the patient; the most severe clinical manifestations of the disease involve teenagers, adults and immunocompromised patients. 7 Several European studies show an incidence of hospitalization ranging between 1.3 and 4.5 for 100,000 inhabitants/year and 12.9-28.0/100,000 children 16 y of age/year, with an average length of stay ranging from 3 to 8 d. 8 VZV infection in a susceptible pregnant woman is particularly worrying. The incidence of VZV in pregnancy is estimated equal to 1-7/10,000 pregnancies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has VZV epidemiology changed in Italy? Results of a seroprevalence study

Donno

Kuhdari

Guido

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The aim of the study was to evaluate if and how varicella prevalence has changed in Italy. In particular a seroprevalence study was performed, comparing it to similar surveys conducted in pre-immunization era. During 2013-2014, sera obtained from blood samples taken for diagnostic purposes or routine investigations were collected in collaboration with at least one laboratory/center for each region, following the approval of the Ethics Committee. Data were stratified by sex and age. All samples were processed in a national reference laboratory by an immunoassay with high sensitivity and specificity. Statutory notifications, national hospital discharge database and mortality data related to VZV infection were analyzed as well. A total of 3707 sera were collected and tested. In the studied period both incidence and hospitalization rates decreased and about 5 deaths per year have been registered. The seroprevalence decreased in the first year of life in subjects passively protected by their mother, followed by an increase in the following age classes. The overall antibody prevalence was 84%. The comparison with surveys conducted with the same methodology in 1996-1997 and 2003-2004 showed significant differences in age groups 1-19 y. The study confirms that in Italy VZV infection typically occurs in children. The impact of varicella on Italian population is changing. The comparison between studies performed in different periods shows a significant increase of seropositivity in age class 1 -4 years, expression of vaccine interventions already adopted in some regions.

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“…The reported frequency of serious complications is highly variable, probably owing to differences in the methods of data collection, geography, living conditions, vaccine use, and hospital admission policies from one study to another. Overall, about 4 to 9% of cases of varicella are complicated (6,15), and these complications account for 71 to 80% of varicella-related hospitalizations (5,18,40). Previously healthy children account for more than 80% of patients with such complications (32).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxin Profiling of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Involved in Varicella Superinfection

et al. 2010

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The most common complications of varicella are bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, generally due to Staphylococcus aureus and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. The aim of this study was to characterize the toxin and antibiotic resistance profiles of S. aureus isolates involved in varicella complications. Between 2002 and 2007, the French Reference Centre for Staphylococci collected 58 S. aureus isolates involved in varicella superinfection. All the isolates were characterized by screening for 12 toxin genes, agr typing, and mecA gene detection; some isolates were also studied by spa typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and resistance profiling. A major toxin gene was detected in 53% (31/58) of the isolates (genes for exfoliative toxins A and B, 17.2%; Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene, 8.6%; toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 gene, 27.6%). Most clinical manifestations were directly compatible with the classical activity of these toxins. Nineteen isolates (33%) were resistant to methicillin, and 12 of these isolates belonged to an emerging agr-2, ST5 clone that harbors the toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 gene. These data should be considered in the management and treatment of patients with varicella complicated by S. aureus superinfection. Antibiotics that decrease toxin production, such as clindamycin, may provide benefit, and their efficacy against bacterial superinfections in children with varicella should be studied.

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Prospective surveillance of hospitalisations associated with varicella-zoster virus infections in children and adolescents

Abstract: This study describes a sizeable hospitalisation and complication rate of varicella-zoster virus infections and provides a solid basis for future immunisation recommendations in Switzerland.

Cited by 91 publications

References 23 publications

Varicella-Related Hospitalizations Among Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Children in Pre-Vaccine Era: A Tertiary Care Center Experience in Turkey

Varicella-Related Hospitalizations Among Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Children in Pre-Vaccine Era: A Tertiary Care Center Experience in Turkey

Has VZV epidemiology changed in Italy? Results of a seroprevalence study

Toxin Profiling of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Involved in Varicella Superinfection

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