Prospects and Challenges of Multi-Layer Optical Networks

Sato, Ken-ichi; Hasegawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.1093/ietcom/e90-b.8.1890

Cited by 89 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This degradation accumulates with each node traversed by the optical path, and hence a broad guard-band needs to be inserted between adjacent paths. To minimize the bandwidth wastage due to the guard-bands, the coarse granular routing schemes have been proposed and analyzed in detail, which includes hierarchical optical path networks introducing waveband paths [17], [102], grouped routing networks [103], [104] that utilize GRE (Grouped Routing Entity) pipes, and coarse/fine hybrid granular routing networks that employ virtual direct links [105]. Optical paths are densely packed with minimum spacing in each group, while an enough guard-band is inserted only between adjacent groups.…”

Section: Future Directions On Optical Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Oki

Wada

Okamoto

et al. 2017

IEICE Trans. Commun.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY This paper presents past and recent trends of optical networks and addresses the future directions. First, we describe path networks with the historical backgrounds and trends. path networks have advanced by using various multiplexing technologies. They include time-division multiplexing (TDM), asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), and wavelengthdivision multiplexing (WDM). ATM was later succeeded to multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). Second, we present generalized MPLS technologies (GMPLS). In GMPLS, the label concept of MPLS is extended to other labels used in TDM, WDM, and fiber networks. GMPLS enables network operators to serve networks deployed by different technologies with a common protocol suite of GMPLS. Third, we describe multi-layer traffic engineering and a path computation element (PCE). Multi-layer traffic engineering designs and controls networks considering resource usages of more than one layer. This leads to use network resources more efficiently than the single-layer traffic engineering adopted independently for each layer. PCE is defined as a network element that computes paths, which are used for traffic engineering. Then, we address software-defined networks, which put the designed network functions into the programmable data plane by way of the management plane. We describe the evaluation from GMPLS to software defined networking (SDN) and transport SDN. Fifth, we describe the advanced devices and switches for optical networks. Finally, we address advances in networking technologies and future directions on optical networking.

show abstract

Section: Future Directions On Optical Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Oki

Wada

Okamoto

et al. 2017

IEICE Trans. Commun.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The next stage, in which traffic will increase even more, will be triggered by the penetration of new bandwidth-hungry services that will include the broadcasting/multicasting and streaming of IP-TV, highquality videos using high definition (1k × 2k pixels) and super-high definition (2k × 4k pixels) images, grid computing, and e-science [42]. To cope with this burst in traffic volume, further advances in network performance and cost reductions must be attained, i.e., photonic MPLS router technologies, hierarchical optical path technologies [43], and super-dense WDM technologies need to be deployed in the next step. The extent of the optical domain will continue to increase, necessitating a new effective network architecture that can effectively employ these technologies.…”

Section: Key Issues In Future Photonic Network Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The network design issues are discussed in 4.1.2. [43] With regard to network throughput enhancement, different directions have been explored as shown in Fig. 7; introduction of higher-order optical paths (HO-OP; wavebands), Fig.…”

Section: Geographical Photonic Network Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results provide an organized perspective of the network design with the goal of accommodating future broadband services. [43] In order to realize the multi-layer optical path networks discussed in 3.2.2, hierarchical optical path network design algorithms need to be developed. The waveband routing and waveband assignment problem of multi-granular optical networks is a generalization of the single-granular optical path network design problem.…”

Section: Quasi-dynamic Network Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent Developments in and Challenges of Photonic Networking Technologies

Sato

2007

IEICE Transactions on Communications

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe transport network paradigm is changing as evidenced by IP convergence and the divergence of architectures and technologies. Harnessing the full power of light will spur the creation of new broadband and ubiquitous services networks. To attain this, however, not only must photonic technologies be optimized, but they must also be coordinated with complementary electrical technologies. With regard to photonic network design technologies, further developments are necessary including very large scale network design, quasi-dynamic network design, and multi-layer optical path network design. key words: photonic networks, photonic network design, multi-layer optical paths IntroductionBroadband access is penetrating throughout the world, and FTTH (Fiber to the Home) is being rapidly adopted in Japan and North America as the most powerful means of broadband access; there were more than six million users as of the middle of 2006 in Japan. Although this number is relatively small compared to ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) subscribers (14.5 million), it continues to increase at a much higher rate than ADSL and is expected to exceed that of ADSL within a couple of years. Because of the rapid penetration of broadband access and the introduction of new services for businesses, the traffic of broadband users is increasing rapidly, i.e., more than 100 percent every year [1]. Considering further burst in the volume of traffic envisaged, which will be spurred by the penetration of bandwidth intensive new services based on video, another advances in network performance and cost reductions must be attained.In designing future networks and systems, we must consider the current paradigm changes; IP (Internet Protocol) convergence and the divergence of architectures and technologies. To start with, we discuss past and present status of network development in Sect. 2. Harnessing the full power of light will spur the creation of new broadband and ubiquitous services networks. The key requirements of enhancing the performance and reducing the cost of future IP-based multimedia communication networks can be effectively achieved by exploiting wavelength routing. This requires, however, not only the optimization of photonic technologies but also coordination with complementary electrical technologies. MPLS (Multiprotocol Label will also be needed. In Sect. 3, we discuss key issues that we need to consider in the development of the photonic network, and directions towards network throughput expansion. Finally, we discuss some of the cutting-edge photonic networking technologies including segmented network design, quasi-dynamic network design, multi-layer optical path network design, and optical fast circuit switching. IP Convergence and Technology Divergence Transport Network EvolutionFigure 1 depicts the trends in transport network evolution over the last two decades. At the middle of the 1980's, core and metro networks are based on the plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH) [5]. The digital hierarchy of Europe, Nort...

show abstract

“…PTICS is expected to play a crucial role in enhancing system performance to handle the continuously growing amount of digital data and new requirements demanded by industry and society [1]. However, there are some fundamental difficulties impeding the adoption of optical technologies in information processing and communication systems [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous excitation transfer in quantum dot mixtures via network of optical near-field interactions at the nanoscale

Naruse

Peper

Leibnitz

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We examine autonomous optical excitation transfer in mixtures of different-sized quantum dots networked via optical near-fields at the nanometer scale. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate optical excitation transfer via the network of optical near-field interactions among quantum dots. The topology-dependent efficiency of excitation transfer is also investigated. The results of our analysis of autonomous and energy-efficient light-matter interactions at the nanoscale, called nanophotonics, will provide useful insights into the design of robust and energy-efficient information and communications systems and networks.

show abstract

Prospects and Challenges of Multi-Layer Optical Networks

Cited by 89 publications

References 52 publications

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Recent Developments in and Challenges of Photonic Networking Technologies

Autonomous excitation transfer in quantum dot mixtures via network of optical near-field interactions at the nanoscale

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About