Protecting Earth-orbiting spacecraft against micro-meteoroid/orbital debris impact damage using composite structural systems and materials: An overview

Schonberg, William P.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2009.11.014

Cited by 48 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The dynamic behaviour of composite materials under hypervelocity impacts (HVI) is a major concern for the aerospace industry, and a challenging problem for simulation [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The range of materials exposed to HVI continuously increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypervelocity impacts into porous graphite: experiments and simulations

Hebert

Seisson

Rullier

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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We present experiments and numerical simulations of hypervelocity impacts of 0.5 mm steel spheres into graphite, for velocities ranging between 1100 and 4500 m s Experiments have evidenced that, after a particular striking velocity, depth of penetration no longer increases but decreases. Moreover, the projectile is observed to be trapped below the crater surface. Using numerical simulations, we show how this experimental result can be related to both materials, yield strength. A Johnson-Cook model is developed for the steel projectile, based on the literature data. A simple model is proposed for the graphite yield strength, including a piecewise pressure dependence of the Drucker-Prager form, which coefficients have been chosen to reproduce the projectile penetration depth. Comparisons between experiments and simulations are presented and discussed. The damage properties of both materials are also considered, by using a threshold on the first principal stress as a tensile failure criterion. An additional compressive failure model is also used for graphite when the equivalent strain reaches a maximum value. We show that the experimental crater diameter is directly related to the graphite spall strength. Uncertainties on the target yield stress and failure strength are estimated.This article is part of the themed issue 'Experimental testing and modelling of brittle materials at high strain rates'.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypervelocity impacts into porous graphite: experiments and simulations

Hebert

Seisson

Rullier

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…hail or MANPAD anti-aircraft systems, respectively). Such impact events may occur in the ballistic or hypervelocity (> 2 km/s) regime [3,4]. Here, lower velocity 'ballistic impact' events such as collision with hail stones or shrapnel from anti-aircraft munitions, are considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the penetration behaviour of mild-steel-cored ammunition against boron carbide ceramic armours

Crouch

Appleby-Thomas

Hazell

2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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The low mass and high specific strength of composite systems has led to their widespread adoption in aerospace applications. Consequently their performance under impact from offnormal events, or even deliberate insult, for example from a munition such as an anti-aircraft missile, is of paramount importance. Experimental and computational work to-date has typically focused on the response of composite systems to impact from projectiles with simple spherical or cylindrical geometries. However, such geometries are not representative of the full range of likely threats. In addition, even within this simple set of constraints the effects of projectile geometry on composite response under impact have been highlighted. Here an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of more complex geometric structures-comprising two-dimensional flat and peaked-nosed structures-on composite systems. A series of ballistic tests were carried out accelerating various geometric 'fragment simulants' into an aerospace-grade composite material. Damage was monitored in real time using highspeed cameras. Resultant calculations of projectile energy loss in the target, combined with analysis of recovered material via ultrasonic c-scan, have shown a clear relationship between projectile geometry and CFRP failure mode.

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“…Spacecraft and satellites traveling through this flux of debris and micrometeoroids are increasingly likely to experience an impact, which puts a higher demand on the performance of the shields . As the risk‐posture for missions must now incorporate this larger threat, substantial research efforts have been devoted to designing new materials and shield configurations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypervelocity Impact Testing of a Metallic Glass‐Stuffed Whipple Shield

et al. 2015

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In this work, hypervelocity impact tests up to 7 km Á s À1 are used to compare the performance of Whipple shields integrated with layers of metallic glasses with a baseline target analogue of one of the shields similar to what is used on the International Space Station. The baseline target failed under the impact while the target utilizing metallic glass as a replacement for the fabric layers in the baseline passed the test. The paper postulates on the prospects of future implementation of metallic glasses as spacecraft debris shields.

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Protecting Earth-orbiting spacecraft against micro-meteoroid/orbital debris impact damage using composite structural systems and materials: An overview

Cited by 48 publications

References 72 publications

Hypervelocity impacts into porous graphite: experiments and simulations

Hypervelocity impacts into porous graphite: experiments and simulations

A study of the penetration behaviour of mild-steel-cored ammunition against boron carbide ceramic armours

Hypervelocity Impact Testing of a Metallic Glass‐Stuffed Whipple Shield

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