Protecting lithium metal anode in all-solid-state batteries with a composite electrolyte

Abstract

The volume of the metallic lithium anode in allsolid-state Li metal batteries increases significantly due to the lithium dendrite formation during the battery cycling, and the rough surface of lithium metal also reduces Li-ion transport in Li/electrolyte interface. In this work, we developed a solid polymer composite by adding the lowcost Si 3 N 4 particles to protect the lithium anode in allsolid-state batteries. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data show that the surface of 10 wt % Si 3 N 4 particles interacts with the polyethylene oxide (PEO) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt; the interaction restricts the anion mobility and improves the ionic conductivity (1 9 10 -4 SÁcm -1 ) and lithium-ion transference number (0.28) of the composite electrolyte. The lithium metal anode is well protected by the composite electrolyte in all-solid-state cells, including symmetric and Li/LiFePO 4 cells. The lithium dendrite growth suppression by this composite electrolyte indicates the possible application of these low-cost composite electrolytes for lithium metal protection.

Ion‐Conductive Polytitanosiloxane Networks Enable a Robust Solid‐Electrolyte Interface for Long‐Cycling Lithium Metal Anodes

“…[ 9–12 ] The key to developing safe and high‐performance LMBs is to design a thermodynamically stable, mechanically sturdy solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) for the Li anode. [ 3,13,14 ] Many strategies have been proposed to stabilize Li metal anodes and uniformize Li deposition, including structured electrode design, [ 15–18 ] artificial interface layers, [ 19–21 ] solid‐state electrolytes, [ 22–25 ] and the modification of electrolyte composition. [ 26–31 ] Recently, research into LMBs has focused on modifying the electrolytes owing to the simplicity, low cost, and potential for large‐scale application.…”

Patterning and a Composite Protective Layer Provide Modified Li Metal Anodes for Dendrite-Free High-Voltage Solid-State Lithium Batteries

“…Furthermore, the as-grown Li dendrites can form dead Li species with a very thick solid electrolyte interface (SEI), causing high interfacial resistance, which then leads to severe capacity fading and a low battery lifespan. 3,4 Finding new strategies to solve these problems is currently a challenging task in the field of LMB research. Several approaches have been explored to prevent the aforesaid issues in LMBs, including the use of protective layers or artificial SEI (ASEI) layers derived from inorganic fillers 5−8 or polymer film coatings, 9−14 electrolyte additives, 15−17 and other means of surface modification of the Li metal anode.…”

“…These safety issues have limited the large-scale commercialization of LMBs. Furthermore, the as-grown Li dendrites can form dead Li species with a very thick solid electrolyte interface (SEI), causing high interfacial resistance, which then leads to severe capacity fading and a low battery lifespan. , Finding new strategies to solve these problems is currently a challenging task in the field of LMB research.…”

Highly stable lithium anodes from recycled hemp textile

“…[1][2][3] However, uncontrolled Li dendrite formation and side reactions of the Li anodes compromise the solid-state interface (SEI), consume more electrolyte, cause infinite Li volume change, and finally lead to safety issues. 4 To overcome these issues, several strategies have been proposed in the past decades, which can be divided into four categories based on the different design principles: (1) optimization of liquid electrolytes and/or adopting novel electrolytes such as ionic liquids or solid-state electrolytes; 5,6 (2) improving the mechanical properties and ion conductivity of electrode and electrolyte interface by in situ or ex situ surface modification on Li anodes; 7 (3) designing advanced separators with improved mechanical properties while realizing uniform Li ion flux; 8 (4) designing stable Li anodes through the preparation of Li alloys 9 or by confining Li into a host. 10 Among these strategies, confining Li into a rationally designed host with pre-defined space has been demonstrated as highly effective in suppressing dendrite formation since it regulates Li nucleation at the early stage and accommodate subsequent Li deposition.…”