Protection against 3-methylcholanthrene-induced skin tumorigenesis in Balb/C mice by ellagic acid

Mukhtar, Hasan; Das, Mukul; Tito, Benjamin J. Del; Bickers, David R.

doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(84)80314-9

Cited by 82 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Reports also suggest that gallic acid, ellagic acid, flavonoids and anthocyanins (Figure 2) present in Jamun are reported to prevent experimental carcinogenesis in various organs ( Table 2) and may have contributed to the anti-carcinogenesis. Additionally, recent observations also suggest that ellagitannin, a constituent of Jamun and its colonic 3 Gallic acid 1) Inhibits the TPA-induced inductions of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity, hydroperoxide production and DNA synthesis, and also inhibit the promotion of skin papillomas and carcinomas in the two-step initiationpromotion protocol [79]; 2) Administering (0.3% to 1%) for twenty consecutive weeks from four weeks of age to the male TRAMP mice (a transgenic mice develops prostate tumor) caused a decrease tumors with decreasing the proliferative index with a concomitant increase in the apoptotic cells which were due to decrease in the expression of Cdc2, Cdk2, Cdk4, Cdk6, cyclin B1 and E [83]. [91,92], and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) [93] and inhibitor of of neoplastic cell transformation and MEK1 [94]; 2) Prevents TPA-induced transformation, PKC activation, and c-jun expression in mouse fibroblast cells [95]; 3) Suppresses UVB-induced skin cancer by targeting Fyn in JB6 cells [96].…”

Section: Chemopreventive Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Swami¹,

Thakor²,

Patil³

et al. 2012

FNS

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Eugenia jambolana Lam., commonly known as black plum or "jamun" is an important medicinal plant in various traditional systems of medicine. It is effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, inflammation, ulcers and diarrhea and preclinical studies have also shown it to possess chemopreventive, radioprotective and antineoplastic properties. The plant is rich in compounds containing anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaemferol and myrecetin. The seeds are claimed to contain alkaloid, jambosine, and glycoside jambolin or antimellin, which halts the diastatic conversion of starch into sugar. The present review has been primed to describe the existing data on the information on traditional and medicinal use.

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Section: Chemopreventive Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Swami¹,

Thakor²,

Patil³

et al. 2012

FNS

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“…r-carotene as well as ellagic acid (from garlic) are carcinogen-blocking agents that either suppress promotion or act as anti-oxidants, which are reducing agents. Their specific mechanism of action is unknown, but blocking agents prevent carcinogenic compounds from reacting with critical target sites of DNA by inhibiting the metabolic activation of carcinogens catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (Phase I enzymes) (Wattenberg, 1983b;Mukhtar et al, 1984). Other chemopreventive agents, such as 6X-alpha tocopherol (vitamin E), are strong antioxidants that enhance the cellular detoxification system by increasing the levels of glutathione-S-transferases (Phase If enzymes) (Schwartz et al, 1992b;Wattenberg, 1992;Lippman et al, 1995a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Biomarkers and Molecular Epidemiology and Chemoprevention of Oral Carcinogenesis

Schwartz

2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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Chemopreventives are chemicals that prevent the formation of cancers such as oral cancer. They can take the form of nutrients or synthetic molecules, and their fundamental characteristic is that they do not produce disease processes that would result in debilitating symptoms. Current evidence indicates that they function by modifying the oxidative state of transforming cells. Biomarkers can take the form of genetic and molecular indicators, which characterize the function of chemopreventives and cancer processes such as oral carcinogenesis. Biomarkers cannot provide all the required information for risk assessment or possible activity of the chemopreventives. Other methods, such as epidemiological analyses and techniques, must be used to enhance our understanding of the risk for oral cancer in human populations. One common epidemiologic method, the questionnaire, helps to determine the use and carcinogenic potential of tobacco and alcohol during oral carcinogenesis. Genetic and molecular changes in human patient populations may result in a reduction in the number and function of tumor suppressor genes. If these changes are to be assessed, the tissues (e.g., buccal mucosa) must be accessible and harvested in a reliable and consistent manner for the acquisition of DNA, mRNA, and protein. Oral tissues provide sufficient quantities of these molecules and, under stringent conditions, the quality required for the isolation of these molecular constituents. In conjunction with epidemiologic techniques, various genotypic polymorphisms, such as glutathione-S-transferase (GSTM 1) or cytochrome P450 (CYP450Al), have indicated a loss in carcinogen detoxification or the processing of internal growth control signals. Biomarkers are composed of a large diverse group of genetic and molecular structures. Some of these biomarkers are indicators for programmed cell death (PCD), while others describe malignant tumor growth. Many of these classes of molecules are oxidative-responsive (e.g., tumor suppressor p53, Bcl-2, growth factors, immune-derived proteins, and death-inducing molecules) and induce PCD by triggering a cascade of cysteine proteases and regulators (e.g., caspases, death receptors). This pathway results in cell-cycle alterations and DNA fragmentation. It is hoped that a detailed knowledge of the processes involved in malignant transformation will better define the biomarker-screening tools for oral cancer. These tools will enhance our ability to predict the incidence of cancer, detect early malignant change, and quantitate chemoprevention during oral carcinogenesis. Chemopreventives such as the retinoids have already demonstrated their ability to suppress potential malignant changes in pre-malignant oral leukoplakias and decrease the incidence of second head-and-neck cancer primaries. It is our hope that this review will increase investigators' interest in developing new screening and detection systems for oral cancer.

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“…In vivo studies with ellagic acid have shown that dietary intake of this phytochemical inhibits chemically induced tumorigenesis in the lung [Boukharta et al, 1992], skin [Mukhtar et al, 1984], and esophagus [Mandal and Stoner, 1990]. In addition, dietary administration of ellagic acid has been found to inhibit the development of azoxymethane-induced small intestinal adenocarcinomas in rats [Rao et al, 1991].…”

Section: Cancer Chemoprevention By Berries and Their Constituents In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive food components and cancer risk reduction

Stan

Kar

Stoner

et al. 2007

J of Cellular Biochemistry

154

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Research over the last three decades has provided convincing evidence to support the premise that diets rich in fruits and vegetables may be protective against the risk of different types of cancers. Initial evidence for protective effect of fruits and vegetables against cancer risk came from population-based case-control studies, which prompted intense research aimed at (a) identification of bioactive component(s) responsible for the anticancer effects of fruits and vegetables, (b) elucidation of the mechanisms by which bioactive food components may prevent cancer, and (c) determination of their efficacy for prevention of cancer in animal models. The bioactive components responsible for cancer chemopreventive effects of various edible plants have now been identified. For instance, anticancer effect of Allium vegetables including garlic is attributed to organosulfur compounds (e.g., diallyl trisulfide). Interestingly, unlike cancer chemotherapy drugs, many bioactive food components selectively target cancer cells. Molecular basis for selectivity of anticancer bioactive food components towards cancer cells remains elusive, but these agents appear promiscuous and target multiple signal transduction pathways to inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Despite convincing observational and experimental evidence, however, limited effort has been directed towards clinical investigations to determine efficacy of bioactive food components for prevention of human cancers. This article reviews current knowledge on cancer chemopreventive effects of a few highly promising dietary constituents, including garlic-derived organosulfides, berry compounds, and cruciferous vegetable-derived isothiocyanates, and serves to illustrate complexity of the signal transduction mechanisms in cancer chemoprevention by these promising bioactive food components.

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Protection against 3-methylcholanthrene-induced skin tumorigenesis in Balb/C mice by ellagic acid

Cited by 82 publications

References 12 publications

Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Biomarkers and Molecular Epidemiology and Chemoprevention of Oral Carcinogenesis

Bioactive food components and cancer risk reduction

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Protection against 3-methylcholanthrene-induced skin tumorigenesis in Balb/C mice by ellagic acid

Cited by 82 publications

References 12 publications

Jamun (&lt;i&gt;Syzygium cumini &lt;/i&gt;(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Jamun (&lt;i&gt;Syzygium cumini &lt;/i&gt;(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Biomarkers and Molecular Epidemiology and Chemoprevention of Oral Carcinogenesis

Bioactive food components and cancer risk reduction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses

Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses