Protection conferred by a vaccine derived from an inactivated Egyptian variant of infectious bronchitis virus: a challenge experiment

Al-Ebshahy, Emad M.; Abdelsabour, Mohammed A.; Abas, Osama; Yanai, Tokuma

doi:10.1007/s11250-019-01898-y

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…On the other hand, administration of the formalin-inactivated homologous vaccine in 14 days-old SPF chicks provided about 69% ciliary protection against challenge with EG/1212B, an IS/885 like strain at age of 42 days. The virus was also detected in tracheal and/or kidney tissues in 60% of the involved chickens [ 3 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of the prime-boost regimen for heterologous infectious bronchitis vaccines mandates the administration of homologous vaccines

2022

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Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has been frequently reported in chickens worldwide, including in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia (ERS). Several IBV outbreaks were recently reported in chickens despite the massive use of various vaccines. Based on partial sequencing of the S1 gene, at least three genotypes were reported (CK/CH/LDL/97I, IS/720/99, and IS/Variant2/98) in the ERS with no available homologous vaccines. Herein, we tried to evaluate the protection provided by some selected commercial-available vaccines against these three genotypes. We divided the experimental chickens into eight groups. Representative isolates from these genotypes were inoculated into three groups of broiler chickens vaccinated with the H-120 vaccine at the age of 1 day and boosted with the 4/91 vaccine at the age of 14 days (challenged groups). One group of chickens had received the same protocol of IBV vaccines but was kept without infection to serve as a vaccine control group. The three isolates were inoculated into three other similar but unvaccinated groups of broiler chickens (infected groups). Group eight chickens were neither vaccinated nor infected and used as a negative control group. Evaluation of the protection induced by the tested vaccination schedule was assessed by several criteria, including the ability to reduce the severe clinical signs caused by IBV infection, changes in the body temperature of various groups of chickens, the reduction in the magnitude of IBV-induced lesions, and the reduction in the viral loads in tracheas of a different group of chicken. Monitoring the immune status of chickens was also recorded based on the hemagglutination inhibition antibodies in sera of various groups of chickens. Our results show clinical and tracheal protection against IBV/IS/Variant2/98-like and IBV/IS/720/99-like strains. Moderate protection was observed in the IBV/CK/CH/LDL/97I-like pressure. The kidneys of the challenged groups of chickens showed minimal or no gross lesions compared with the infected groups, even in those chickens challenged with the IBV/CK/CH/LDL/97I-like strain. In conclusion, this is the first study to perform the protectotyping of some IBV strains from Saudi Arabia. It demonstrated the proficiency of the investigated vaccination schedule in control of infection of broiler chickens with IBV/IS/Variant2/98 and IBV/IS/720/99 strains. It is highly recommended to introduce the homologous IBV/CK/CH/LDL/97I-based vaccine to the vaccination protocols of chickens in the ERS to match the circulating strains and ensure better protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of the prime-boost regimen for heterologous infectious bronchitis vaccines mandates the administration of homologous vaccines

2022

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“…A likely explanation could involve the “masking” by high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI), which attracted most of diagnostic and research efforts and pushed for higher biosecurity measures [ 42 ]. Interestingly, a homologous vaccine was developed and applied in some Middle East countries, in Egypt, Israel and thereafter in Turkey and Kurdistan ([ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] and personal communication). The limited poultry population involved in vaccination protocols could hardly explain the remarkable observed effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylodynamic and Recombination Analyses of Avian Infectious Bronchitis GI-23 Reveal a Widespread Recombinant Cluster and New Among-Countries Linkages

Houta

Hassan

Legnardi

et al. 2021

Animals

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Infectious bronchitis virus GI-23 lineage, although described approximately two decades ago in the Middle East, has recently drawn remarkable attention and is considered an “emerging” lineage due to its current spread to several other regions, including Europe. Despite the relevance, no comprehensive studies are available investigating its epidemiologic and evolutionary pattern. The present phylodynamic study was designed to fill this gap, benefitting from a collection of freely available GI-23 sequences and ad-hoc generated European ones. After a relatively ancient origin in the Middle East, likely in the first half of the previous century, GI-23 circulated largely undetected or underdiagnosed for a long time in this region, likely causing little damage, potentially because of low virulence coupled with limited development of avian industry in the considered years and regions and insufficient diagnostic activity. The following development of the poultry industry and spread to other countries led to a progressive but slow increase of viral population size between the late ‘90s and 2010. An increase in viral virulence could also be hypothesized. Of note, a big recombinant cluster, likely originating in the Middle East but spreading thereafter, especially to Europe through Turkey, demonstrated a much-marked increase in viral population size compared to previously circulating variants. The extensive available GI-23 sequence datasets allowed to demonstrate several potential epidemiological links among African, Asian, and European countries, not described for other IBV lineages. However, differently from previously investigated IBV lineages, its spread appears to primarily involve neighbouring countries and those with strong economic and political relationships. It could thus be speculated that frequent effective contacts among locations are necessary for efficient strain transmission. Some countries appear to play a major role as a “bridge” among less related locations, being Turkey the most relevant example. The role of vaccination in controlling the viral population was also tentatively evaluated. However, despite some evidence suggesting such an effect, the bias in sequence and data availability and the variability in the applied vaccination protocols prevent robust conclusions and warrant further investigations.

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“…Moreover, quality control measures were assessed as recommended by the oil-emulsion manufacturer. Each dose of the vaccine (0.5 ml) was adjusted to 1 × 10 6 EID 50 ( Erfanmanesh et al., 2020 ; Al-Ebshahy et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection of laying chickens against the Canadian DMV/1639 infectious bronchitis virus infection through priming with heterologous live vaccine and boosting with heterologous or homologous inactivated vaccine

Hassan,

Ali,

Mahmoud

et al. 2024

Virus Research

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Protection conferred by a vaccine derived from an inactivated Egyptian variant of infectious bronchitis virus: a challenge experiment

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

The efficacy of the prime-boost regimen for heterologous infectious bronchitis vaccines mandates the administration of homologous vaccines

The efficacy of the prime-boost regimen for heterologous infectious bronchitis vaccines mandates the administration of homologous vaccines

Phylodynamic and Recombination Analyses of Avian Infectious Bronchitis GI-23 Reveal a Widespread Recombinant Cluster and New Among-Countries Linkages

Protection of laying chickens against the Canadian DMV/1639 infectious bronchitis virus infection through priming with heterologous live vaccine and boosting with heterologous or homologous inactivated vaccine

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