Protection from Glycine at Low Doses in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Rat Small Intestine

Petrat, Frank; Drowatzky, J; Boengler, Kerstin; Finckh, Barbara; Schmitz, Klaus; Schulz, Rainer; Groot, Herbert de

doi:10.1159/000324393

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…There are multiple reports of benefit of glycine for intestinal insults in vivo and in vitro [14,62–69], however convincing demonstration of direct glycine cytoprotection in isolated cell models is lacking. Cultured cell lines of intestinal epithelial cells were protected against oxidant injury from tert-buthylhydroperoxide (tBHP) [70], but, this required pretreatment.…”

Section: Cell Types Subject To Glycine Cytoprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of glycine in regulated cell death

Weinberg

Bienholz

Venkatachalam

2016

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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The cytoprotective effects of glycine against cell death have been recognized for over 28 years. They are expressed in multiple cell types and injury settings that lead to necrosis, but are still not widely appreciated or considered in the conceptualization of cell death pathways. In this paper we review the available data on the expression of this phenomenon, its relationship to major pathophysiologic pathways that lead to cell death and immunomodulatory effects, the hypothesis that it involves suppression by glycine of the development of a hydrophilic death channel of molecular dimensions in the plasma membrane, and evidence for its impact on disease processes in vivo.

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Section: Cell Types Subject To Glycine Cytoprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protective effects of glycine have been reported in several types of acute bowel injury in vivo [62,66,68,69] and in chemical-induced inflammatory bowel disease [67]. It is likely that inflammatory cells in the intestinal mucosa are a major target.…”

Section: Glycine Effects On Disease Models In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of glycine in regulated cell death

Weinberg

Bienholz

Venkatachalam

2016

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…This difference in dosage may explain the contrasting results. Nevertheless, glycine has the same protective profile of action when used in different doses 13 .…”

Section: Discussion Discussion Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos

Köhler

Delucca

Neto

2011

Rev. Col. Bras. Cir.

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Enteral antioxidants in ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats Enteral antioxidants in ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats Enteral antioxidants in ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats Enteral antioxidants in ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats Enteral antioxidants in ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos HUGO Methods Methods Methods Methods: Ninety adult male Wistar rats were used. An intestinal segment was isolated based on its vascular pedicle. A control biopsy was performed and the pedicle was sectioned and sutured again, ensuring a time of 60 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion. Sequential biopsies were performed at the end of the ischemic period and every 15 minutes during reperfusion. The treatment consisted of saline, vitamin C, vitamin E or a combination of the latter two. Quantitative and qualitative assessments of the biopsies were performed. Results Results ResultsResults Results: The groups treated with vitamin E alone or vitamin E combined with vitamin C showed a statistically significant attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion, with reduced loss of height of the villi and lower neutrophilic infiltration at the end of the study when compared to the control and vitamin C- INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTIONT he restoration of blood flow to an ischemic tissue can lead to greater harm than that originally caused by ischemia. This event is called ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The small intestine is particularly susceptible to injury from I/R 1 and its occurrence is associated with high morbidity and mortality 2 . Although the mechanisms involved are not fully elucidated, it is believed that oxidative stress mediators, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and nitric oxide (NO) play an important role 3 . Due to the involvement of ROS in I/R injury, various antioxidants have been tested, among them vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin E. Ascorbic acid is an water-soluble antioxidant with chelating and reducing properties and it is used to prevent I/R injury 4 . Vitamin E (á-tocopherol) is a nonenzymatic, lipid soluble antioxidant that acts against oxidative stress by stabilizing membrane unsaturated fatty acids. Thus, tissues treated with vitamin E have an increased capacity to reduce ROS and be protected against membrane lipid peroxidation 5 . Vitamins C and E can act synergistically because ascorbic acid is unable to reduce the peroxyl radical, but it can regenerate á-tocopherol from the tocoferoxil radical, recycling the á-tocopherol 6 . I/R can occur in a variety of clinical situations, one being the microsurgical transfer of jejunal segments. The jejunal flap was first described in 1957...

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“…Histopathologic changes were assessed in a blinded manner. I/R injury to the small intestine was scored on a scale from 0 to 8 in dependence on the Park/Chiu system [18, 19] as described previously [12]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Glycine, Pyruvate, and Resveratrol on the Regeneration Process of Postischemic Intestinal Mucosa

Brencher

Petrat

Stych

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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Background Intestinal ischemia is often caused by a malperfusion of the upper mesenteric artery. Since the intestinal mucosa is one of the most rapidly proliferating organs in human body, this tissue can partly regenerate itself after the onset of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, we investigated whether glycine, sodium pyruvate, and resveratrol can either support or potentially harm regeneration when applied therapeutically after reperfusion injury. Methods I/R of the small intestine was initiated by occluding and reopening the upper mesenteric artery in rats. After 60 min of ischemia and 300 min of reperfusion, glycine, sodium pyruvate, or resveratrol was administered intravenously. Small intestine regeneration was analyzed regarding tissue damage, activity of saccharase, and Ki-67 positive cells. Additionally, systemic parameters and metabolic ones were obtained at selected periods. Results Resveratrol failed in improving the outcome after I/R, while glycine showed a partial beneficial effect. Sodium pyruvate ameliorated metabolic acidosis, diminished histopathologic tissue injury, and increased cell proliferation in the small intestine. Conclusion While glycine could improve in part regeneration but not proliferation, sodium pyruvate seems to be a possible therapeutic agent to facilitate proliferation and to support mucosal regeneration after I/R injury to the small intestine.

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Protection from Glycine at Low Doses in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Rat Small Intestine

Cited by 26 publications

References 55 publications

The role of glycine in regulated cell death

The role of glycine in regulated cell death

Antioxidantes enterais em lesões de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos

Effect of Glycine, Pyruvate, and Resveratrol on the Regeneration Process of Postischemic Intestinal Mucosa

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