Protective effect of asiaticoside on radiation-induced proliferation inhibition and DNA damage of fibroblasts and mice death

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec id="j_biol-2020-0015_s_005_w2aab3b7d148b1b6b1aab1c15b1Aa"><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Radiation-induced injuries (RII) mainly result from reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful compounds that can damage DNA. Asiaticoside (AC), one of the main functional components extracted from Centella asiatica, has potent pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. However, its role in RII remains unclear.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_biol-2020-0015_s_006_w2aab3b7d148b1b6b1aab1c15b2Aa"><jats:title>Purpose</jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether AC can mitigate RII <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_biol-2020-0015_s_007_w2aab3b7d148b1b6b1aab1c15b3Aa"><jats:title>Material and Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Cell model of RII was successfully established by 5J/m<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> radiation <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. For the <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> RII model, mice were irradiated with 5 Gy to the thorax. The degree of damage to cells or mouse tissue was determined by measuring the numbers of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), oxidative stress, and mouse survival rates.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_biol-2020-0015_s_008_w2aab3b7d148b1b6b1aab1c15b4Aa"><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>In the <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> assay, AC administration significantly reduced radiation-induced growth inhibition of Escherichia coli and fibroblasts, DSBs and apoptosis of fibroblasts; in the <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> study, AC could decrease antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of plasma and protect mice from RII, thereby improving the survival rates of mice after radiation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_biol-2020-0015_s_009_w2aab3b7d148b1b6b1aab1c15b5Aa"><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>These novel data indicate that AC is able to prevent radiation-initiated genotoxicity by mitigating DNA damage, and might serve as a safe and effective radio-protective agent.</jats:p></jats:sec>

Exosomes and Their Bioengineering Strategies in the Cutaneous Wound Healing and Related Complications: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

“…Radiation is highly penetrating and can cause damage to both surface and internal tissues, including DNA damage and excessive cellular stress response. Radiation-induced damage is an important clinical problem that is difficult to solve [174][175][176]. Previous studies have demonstrated that exosomes are also beneficial in treating radiation damage [177].…”