Protective effect of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on egg quality, biochemical and histopathological changes in layers exposed to aflatoxin B1

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 from the fish gut had strong ability to detoxify aflatoxins. The aim of this research was to investigate the protective effect of B. subtilis ANSB060 (ANSB060) on egg quality and biochemical and histopathological changes of liver and kidney in laying hens when exposed to aflatoxin B(1). Treatments (C20, C40, and C60) were prepared by substituting corn contaminated by aflatoxin B(1) (AFB1) at different proportions (20, 40, and 60%) for normal corn in basic diets. The aflatoxin degradation enzyme (E) treatments (E20, E40, and E60) were mixed with the fermentation liquor of ANSB060 with C20, C40, and C60, respectively. The results showed that ANSB060 can improve the eggshell strength in E60 compared with C60 (P ≤ 0.05), and toxin reduced the content of total protein (in groups C20, C40, and C60) and albumin (in C20 and C40; P < 0.05) and heightened the activities of GPT (in C60) and GOT (in C40 and C60) in serum (P < 0.05). In the liver, AFB1 inhibited the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (C40 and C60; P < 0.05) and increased the content of malonaldehyde (in C40 and C60), which induced the damage in the liver and kidney as shown in the photomicrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. The addition of ANSB060 can enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and it recovered the protein synthesis in liver. Moreover, ANSB060 also ameliorated the damage of liver and kidney tissue and restored them to normal. Hence, ANSB060 had the ability to inhibit the damage induced by AFB1; it will have a great potential in industrial applications.

A multiparameter investigation into adverse effects of aflatoxin on Oreochromis niloticus health status

“…A similar finding was demonstrated in birds subjected to AFB1, which contributed to the toxicological and pathological effects of the toxin (Yarru et al, 2009). Consistent with our results, several reports have demonstrated that the toxic effects of AFB1 involved decreased antioxidant capacity (Tu¨rkez et al, 2011), for example, AFB1 significantly decreased the activities of antioxidase, including GPx, in the broiler spleen (Wang et al, 2013), in rat liver, and kidney (Ravinayagam et al, 2012;Sivanesan and Hazeena Begum, 2014) and in laying hen's liver (Ma et al, 2012).…”

Efeitos da aflatoxina na produção avícola: Revisão

“…Eles relatam que isso ocorreu pela possível presença de enzimas que realizam a degradação dessa micotoxina. Ma et al (2012) verificaram que Bacillus subtilis (ANSB060), obtidos do intestino de peixes, possuem forte capacidade de desintoxicar aflatoxinas. Dessa maneira, avaliaram a qualidade do ovo e alterações bioquímicas séricas e histopatológicas do fígado e rim de galinhas poedeiras, quando expostas à aflatoxina B1.…”

Aflatoxicoses: prejuízos causados ao desempenho zootécnico de frangos de corte, boas práticas agrícolas e métodos biológicos de detoxificação

“…Similarmente, Tejada-Castañeda et al (2008) demonstraram a viabilidade da utilização de Nocardia corynebacterioides NRRL24037 para detoxificação de milho contaminado com aflatoxina, uma vez que o microrganismo não causou prejuízo ao desempenho das aves e reduziu parcialmente o nível de contaminação da ração. MA et al (2012) relataram que a bactéria Bacillus subtilis ANS060, isolada de intestino de peixes, possui uma forte habilidade em detoxificar aflatoxinas. Os autores observaram que a adição dessa estirpe na ração contaminada de poedeiras comerciais diminuiu os efeitos tóxicos das aflatoxinas no fígado e rins, além de aumentar a atividade de enzimas antioxidantes e restaurar a síntese proteica hepática.…”