Protective Effect of Carvacrol against Paclitaxel-Induced Ototoxicity in Rat Model

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether carvacrol (CV) had a protective effect on paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity from biochemical, functional, and histopathological perspectives.Methods: Forty Wistar albino male rats were randomly separated into five groups of eight rats. Group 1 was the control group, so Paclitaxel or CV was not administered. Group 2 was administered i.p. CV at 25 mg/kg once a week; Group 3, was administered i.p. paclitaxel at 5 mg/kg once a week; Group 4 was administered i.p. paclitaxel at 5 mg/kg followed (30 min later) by CV at 25 mg/kg once a week; and Group 5 was administered i.p. CV at 25 mg/kg followed (1 day later) by paclitaxel at 5 mg/kg. once a week. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally once a week for four consecutive weeks, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) tests were performed at the beginning of the study before the first drug administration and at the end of the study after the last drug administration. All rats were sacrificed, and cochleae were removed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Results: Biochemical data indicated that paclitaxel caused oxidative stress in the cochlea. Histopathological findings revealed the loss of outer hair cells in the organ of Corti (CO) and moderate degenerative changes in the stria vascularis (SV). It was observed that DPOAE measurements were significantly reduced at high frequencies. In groups which CV was administered together with paclitaxel, these biochemical, histopathological, and functional changes were favorably reversed. Conclusion: CV may have a protective effect against paclitaxel-induced ototoxicity when given.

Otoprotective effects of farnesene against oxidative damage induced by paclitaxel

“…DPOAE measurement were performed 15 under anesthesia (ketamine -40 mg/kg + xylazine -5 mg/kg) before drug administration on day 0. Afterward, animals with no auditory pathological findings and whose baseline hearing threshold was evaluated were randomly divided into three groups.…”

“…The sensitivity of neurons to PCX toxicity has guided clinical studies of the ototoxic effect of PCX on peripheral auditory neurons 12 13 . Recent studies on animal models have reported that substances such as curcumin, carvacrol, resveratrol, gallic acid, and eugenol, all of which have potent antioxidant properties, can attenuate chemotherapeutic drugs induced ototoxicity such as cisplatin and PCX [14][15][16][17][18] . Ototoxicity is accompanied by free radicals, resulting in oxidative damage to cochlear cells, which is why antioxidants are used in much research on preventing and restoring ototoxicity.…”

“…Recent research shows that the use of antioxidant-strong substances in preventing and treating ototoxicity is generally effective [14][15][16][17][18] . There is no research on the impact of FNS, which has high antioxidant and neuroprotective capabilities, on ototoxicity in the literature.…”

AQP3 and AQP5—Potential Regulators of Redox Status in Breast Cancer

“…Conventional chemotherapy, such as anthracyclines, taxols, cisplatin or other platinum-containing drugs, targets either DNA replication or repair, or interferes with tubulins, disabling proper chromatid exchange in mitosis. Oxidative stress commonly accompanies these therapies, which damage cancer cells, but also normal cells, thereby causing side effects such as cardiotoxicity or ototoxicity [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Quality Variation of the Moldovan Origanum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare L. and Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (Link) Ietsw. Varieties in Drought Conditions

“…The O. vulgare ssp. hirtum essential oils are known to have pronounced antioxidant [13,57,64,65], protective action [66], as well as antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal properties and the ability to inhibit bacterial growth [15,18,54,64,65]. Due to these important characteristics, this essential oil is used as a preservative in food [27,67].…”