Protective Effect of Costus afer on Lipid Profile and Hepatic Damage in Ethanol - Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats

Ayakeme, Tonkiri; Essien, E. B.; Akaninwor, Joyce Oronne; Ogbomade, Ronami S

doi:10.9734/ijbcrr/2015/14577

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The marked increase in corpus luteum observed at 250 mg/kg dose of the extract is a sign of ovulation and not toxicity. The effect of this extract on the liver as observed in this research does not agree with the hepatoprotective report of Ukpabi et al (2012) and Tonkiri et al (2015). This could be due to the differences in the experimental designs that involved the induction of oxidative stress and liver pathology respectively in the previously reported cases.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

“…There are a few studies on the toxicological effects of Costus afer in literature. The hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Costus afer stem has been reported (Ukpabi et al, 2012;Tonkiri et al, 2015). However, the aqueous leaf extract of Costus afer was reported to be hepatotoxic but non-toxic to the kidneys of male albino rats (Ezejiofor et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sub-chronic oral administration of hydromethanolic stem extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl. (Costaceae) on body weight, relative organ weight (ROW) and histopathology of selected organs in rats

Jimoh,

Bello Maiha,

Chindo

et al. 2023

jcbr

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Adverse effects of plant extracts on body weight, relative organ weight and histopathology are important indicators of toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the hydromethanolic stem extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl. (Costaceae). OECD (2008) Guideline 425 was used to evaluate oral acute toxicity of the extract. Sub-chronic oral administration of the extract on body weight, relative organ weight (ROW) and histopathology of selected organs in Wistar rats were evaluated using OECD 1995 guideline 407. Forty Wistar rats of both sexes were divided into 4 groups. Rats in control group (Group I) received 1 ml/kg/day distilled water while Groups II, III and IV rats received 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day of the extract respectively for 28 days. All treatments were administered orally. The rats were sacrificed under light halothane anaesthesia on the 29th day and the target organs were harvested, weighed and examined macroscopically for any morphological changes and microscopically for any lesions. There were no significant changes in mean body weights of rats and relative organ weights of selected organs in the extract treated groups when compared with the control group (distilled water). Although histological features of the brain, heart, stomach mucosa, lungs, spleen, ovaries and uterus in the extract treated groups were similar to those of control, slight to moderate renal and hepatic necrosis and necrosis of secondary spermatogenic cells at doses of 500 mg/kg and above of the extract were observed in the kidneys, liver and testes respectively. Caution should be exercised on sub-chronic administration of this extract as it may be toxic to the kidneys, liver and testes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sub-chronic oral administration of hydromethanolic stem extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl. (Costaceae) on body weight, relative organ weight (ROW) and histopathology of selected organs in rats

Jimoh,

Bello Maiha,

Chindo

et al. 2023

jcbr

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“…The safety of the stem has been confirmed with acute toxicity higher than 5000mg/kg b.w. of mice and chronic consumption has been reported to show no significant adverse effect on the biochemistry and histology of major organs and tissues of the body (Goodies et al, 2015;Tonkiri et al, 2015;Akpantah et al, 2016). This study was therefore carried out to investigate the morphometric and histological effects of aqueous extract of Costus afer stem juice on the cutaneous wounds of adult albino rats.…”

Section: …………………………………………………………………………………………………… Introduction:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric and Histological Studies of Effects of Aqueous Extract of Costus Afer Stem Juice on Cutaneous Wound of Albino Rats.

Ekanem¹,

Udoh²,

Peter³

2018

IJAR

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Keywords:-wound healing, Costus afer stem, regeneration of skin, dermal organization, tensile strength.The aim of this study was to investigate the morphometric and histological effects of aqueous extact of Costus afer stem on rat skin wound. Phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of saponin, alkaloids, lignans, terpenes, quinones, stilbenes and flavonoids. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, copper, manganese and phosphorus were also detected in the extract. Twenty-five adult female albino rats with weights between 243-320g were used for the study. The rats were divided equally into 5 groups. They were wounded on their dorsum under ketamine hydrochloride anaesthesia. Immediately hemostasis was attained, the rats were treated according to their groups. Group A wounds were left without treatment, group B were treated only on the first day with iodine ointment, group C were treated for 7days with iodine ointment, group D were treated only on the first day with Costus afer paste, and group E were treated for 7days with Costus afer paste. Using ruler android application, the rate of contraction was not significantly different across the groups and the rate of reepithelialization was significantly highest in group D at p<0.05. the tensile strength measured with tensiometer was significantly highest (p<0.05) in group D at 692.20g. Masson's trichrome sections showed randomly organized collagen fibres in group D and E. There was also indication of growing hair follicles in group D. In conclusion, aqueous extract of Costus afer stem prove to be more effective in wound healing than iodine and its stem juice can be used cautiously for wound treatment.

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“…• Plant Processing and Extraction: The powder root of Costus afer (500 g) was soaked in 2500 ml of ethanol (70%) for 72 h. The extract was filtered using Watman No. 1 filter paper and subsequently concentrated at 45°C using a rotary evaporator and stored at 4°C (R) (Tonkiri et al 2015). Ethanolic extract of S. lappa was studied at a dose range of 50-200 mg/kg, for the acute and chronic inflammation induced in rats (Zahara et al 2014).…”

Section: Materials and Methods I: Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Indian Costus Against Toxicity of Thermally Oxidized Palm Oil in Albino Rats

Hegazy

Abonama

Mohammad

et al. 2020

The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicolog

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Background: Indian Costus extract used as traditional herbal therapy for various diseases. Ingestion of thermally oxidized palm oil causes oxidative stress leading to multiple health problems such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, as well as kidneys and liver abnormality. Aim: To investigate the toxic effects of thermally oxidized palm oil on the liver, kidneys, heart and lung of Albino rats and to evaluate the role of Indian costus in improving these effects. Methods: Forty adult healthy male albino rats equally assigned into four groups and gavaged by a single daily dose for 45 days as follows group I (control group) gavaged by distilled water, group II gavaged by 80 mg/kg of Indian costus extract, group III gavaged by one-tenth LD50 of thermally oxidized palm oil (LD50 equal 18 gm/kg) and group IV gavaged as group III in addition to 80 mg/kg of Indian costus extract. Serum was collected for biochemical analyses for liver, kidney function tests, lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity. Also, histological examination for livers, kidneys, heart, and lung from sacrificed rats of all groups were performed. Results: A significant increase in total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in group III compared to group I but group IV had significantly lower levels of theses parameters than group III. The highest levels of MDA were in group III followed by group IV and the lowest levels were in group II. There was significant lower mean level of MDA in group IV than group III (7.31±0.60 vs 8.25±1.01; respectively). There were significant higher prevalence of steatosis, congestion, and hepatitis in the liver of group III than group IV (p=0.004, 0.014 and 0.012; respectively). Also, there was a significant higher prevalence of atheroma in the heart, moderate and severe interstitial inflammation, and granuloma around cholesterol crystal in the lung, cloudy swelling, and congestion in the kidneys of group III than group IV. Conclusion: Thermally oxidized palm oil had a deleterious effect on liver, kidney, lung and heart ultrastructure, induces hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. The extract of Indian costus had a potential protective effect against these effects.

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Protective Effect of Costus afer on Lipid Profile and Hepatic Damage in Ethanol - Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of sub-chronic oral administration of hydromethanolic stem extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl. (Costaceae) on body weight, relative organ weight (ROW) and histopathology of selected organs in rats

Effects of sub-chronic oral administration of hydromethanolic stem extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl. (Costaceae) on body weight, relative organ weight (ROW) and histopathology of selected organs in rats

Morphometric and Histological Studies of Effects of Aqueous Extract of Costus Afer Stem Juice on Cutaneous Wound of Albino Rats.

The Role of Indian Costus Against Toxicity of Thermally Oxidized Palm Oil in Albino Rats

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