Protective effect of retinoid against endotoxin-induced mastitis in rats

Abstract

These results suggest that retinoid protected against LPS-induced mastitis in a rat model.

Dectin1 activation of β-(1-3)/(1-6)-d-glucan produces an anti-mastitis effect in rats

“…Histologic evaluation is in agreement with these results. These results are consistent with our previous findings [13,49], indicating that correlation between these two enzymes exists. In response to chemotactic stimuli generated by invading pathogens, PMN migrates (diapedesis) from blood into milk [50].…”

Retinoic acid attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB expression in rat mammary tissue

“…So, LPS-induced inflammatory models are recognized as valuable tools with which to study the effects of mastitis [23,24]. Experiments with LPS-induced mastitis in rats suggest that large scale production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, might contribute to tissue damage [15,16,25]. Therefore, we hypothesized that suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators by leukocytes, endothelial and epithelial cells could prevent mammary tissue damage during the development of mastitis.…”

“…It is widely accepted that an uncontrolled inflammatory response, including the over production of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, is the main pathogenesis involved in mastitis [15,16,25]. Among the inflammatory mediators induced by TLR4/NF-κB, IL-1β has been reported to have specific chemo-attractant and activation effects on phagocytic cells, as well as on other cell types [41].…”

“…In our previous studies, we reported that the administration of retinoic acid protects rats against neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in acute experimental mastitis [15,16]. Others have reported that retinoic acid reduced NF-κB activity and DNA binding in a primary culture of rat chondrocytes [17].…”

The Innate Immunity in Bovine Mastitis: The Role of Pattern-Recognition Receptors

“…It has been demonstrated that the administration of retinoid acids protects rats against neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in acute experimental mastitis (Gu et al, 2009a;2009b). A mechanism by which this protection is conferred is through TLR4.…”