Protective effects of antioxidant egg‐chalaza hydrolysates against chronic alcohol consumption‐induced liver steatosis in mice

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction is highly related to some human chronic diseases. There are approximately 400 metric tons of chalazae produced yearly after the processing of the liquid-egg production, which are disposed of as waste. The objectives of this study were to look for the optimal production condition of antioxidant crude chalaza hydrolysates and evaluate the in vivo antioxidant capacity via a chronic alcohol consumption mouse model. RESULTS: Antioxidant crude chalaza hydrolysates (CCH-As) could be produced by proteaseA at 1:100 ratio (w/w) and 0.5 h hydrolytic period. After our analyses, CCH-As were rich in leucine, arginine, phenylalanine, valine, lysine and antioxidant dipeptides (anserine and carnosine), and the major molecular masses were lower than 15 kDa. Regarding protective effects of CCH-As against oxidative damage in alcoholic-liquid-diet-fed mice, alcohol-fed mice had lower (P < 0.05) liver antioxidant capacities, and higher (P < 0.05) liver lipid contents, serum lipid/liver damage indices and IL-1 /IL-6 values. CCH-A supplementation reversed (P < 0.05) liver antioxidant capacities and reduced (P < 0.05) serum/liver lipids in alcohol-fed mice, which may result from increased (P < 0.05) fecal lipid output, upregulated (P < 0.05) fatty acid -oxidation and downregulated (P < 0.05) lipogenesis in the liver. CONCLUSION: Taken together, this CCH-A should benefit the liquid-egg industry, while also offering consumers a choice of healthy ingredients from animal sources.Keywords: alcoholic fatty liver; amino acid profile; in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects; lipid metabolism; protease-A-digested crude chalaza hydrolysate Industry and 0.25 mL potassium ferricyanide (1%) (Sigma Co.), and the mixture was incubated at 50 ∘ C for 15 min. 0.25 mL trichloroacetic acid solution (10%) (Sigma Co.) was added to the mixture, which was then centrifuged at 900 × g for 10 min at room temperature. Then J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99: 2300-2310In vivo hepatoprotective effects of CCH-As Effects of CCH-As on body weight, size of organs and abdominal fat pad, serum biochemical values, liver damage status, and hepatic and fecal lipids in chronic alcohol-fed mice With regard to an in vivo antioxidant effect of our manufactured CCH-As, chronic alcoholic liquid-diet-fed mice were applied as J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99: 2300-2310

Defatted Tenebrio molitor Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats

“…Sun et al [ 50 ] formerly informed that hydrolysates from corn gluten meal that were rich in BCAAs lowered the AST and ALT activities in an acute alcoholism model. Consistent with these results, previous studies reported that animal-derived protein hydrolysates reduced the serum AST and ALT levels as well as the macro-lipid droplets and TG levels in the liver of chronic alcohol-fed mice [ 48 , 51 ].…”

Ameliorative effects of functional chalaza hydrolysates prepared from protease-A digestion on cognitive dysfunction and brain oxidative damages

“…Chow diets (LabDiet 5001, PMI Nutrition International/Purina Mills LLC, Richmond, IN, USA) and distilled water were provided ad libitum for mice during the experimental period. According to our previous study, the administration of 100 mg CCH/kg BW/day could pose the hepatoprotective effects in C57BL/6 mice against chronic alcohol consumption ( Yang et al., 2019 ). Hence, dosages as 50, 100, and 200 mg CCH/kg BW/day for low, medium, and high dosages, respectively, were given to the DG-treated mice.…”

“…Within recent decades, bioactive effects of food-derived protein hydrolysates have been attracted an attention ( Chou et al., 2014 , Abeyrathne et al., 2015 , Lin et al., 2017 ). These protein hydrolysates obtained from plants or animals possess some or better beneficial bioactivities when compared with their parent proteins ( Kim et al., 2012 , Chou et al., 2014 , Yang et al., 2019 ). In Taiwan, approximately 7 billion chicken eggs are produced per year, and for the 6% market share of liquid egg industries ( Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan 2015 ), it is estimated that about 400 ton chicken egg chalazae are produced in the liquid egg industry per year, which are regarded as byproducts and always abandoned.…”

“…Our previous study has indicated that protease A–digested crude chalaza hydrolysates ( CCH ) are rich in antioxidant-free amino acids (i.e. leucine, arginine, lysine, phenylalanine) and dipeptides (carnosine/anserine), as well as possess free radical scavenging and metal ion chelating activities ( Yang et al., 2019 ). Moreover, the administration of CCH exhibits a hepatoprotective effect against chronic alcohol consumption via ameliorating lipid accumulation, enhancing antioxidant capacities and decreasing the inflammatory cytokine values in livers.…”

Novel Pickering High Internal Phase Emulsion Stabilized by Food Waste-Hen Egg Chalaza

“…Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated to ban the utilization of PHOs in processed food [16]. To meet the new requirements, an effective alternative of PHOs which could mimic the rheology and sensory features of the PHOs are the new challenges for food scientists [17][18][19][20][21]. Oleogelation, which uses the three-phase emulsion system to physically fabricate the artificial butter-like product, is a promising way to meet the increasing demand for healthier food.…”