Protective Effects of Aucubin on H₂O₂‐Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells

Abstract

The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of aucubin on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Exposure of PC12 cells to 0.25 mm H₂O₂ induced a leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and decreased cell viability, as shown by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. In a dose over 0.1 mm, aucubin increased PC12 cellular viability and markedly attenuated H₂O₂-induced apoptotic cell death. Quantitation of apoptosis by flow cytometry indicated that aucubin inhibited H₂O₂-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Nuclear damage was alleviated by aucubin, as shown by Hoechst staining. In addition, the levels of malondialdehyde were reduced and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase was augmented in these cells. These results indicated that aucubin inhibited H₂O₂-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through regulation of the endogenous oxidant-antioxidant balance. Our results suggest that aucubin is a potential protective agent for the treatment of oxidative-stress-induced neurodegenerative disease.

Characterization of polysaccharides with antioxidant and immunological activities from Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii

“…Thus, removing hydroxyl radical is very 297 important for the protection of living systems (Luo, Fan & Luo, 2011 (Nordberg & Arner, 2001), H 2 O 2 has been used in many studies to trigger cell 308 apoptosis (Tang et al, 2005). Antioxidants could prevent PC12 cell death through the 309 suppression of H 2 O 2 -induced ROS formation (Guan, Bao, Jiang & An, 2006), and 310 regulate the endogenous oxidant-antioxidant balance (Xue, Gao, Lin, Jin & Xu, 2012). and it acts as a cytotoxic agent in pathological processes, an inducer or suppressor of 341 apoptosis and an immunoregulator (Coleman, 2001).…”

Aucubin Promotes Neurite Outgrowth in Neural Stem Cells and Axonal Regeneration in Sciatic Nerves

“…Previously, the effect of aucubin on PC12 cells has been shown in a wide range of concentration. Cell viability in H 2 O 2 -treated PC12 cells was increased under concentrations of about 50~400 µg/ml (0.1 to 1 mM) aucubin [8, 9], but their neurites were elongated under 0.1 to 1 µg/ml aucubin [11]. However, these studies did not examine any differentiation markers.…”

“…It has been reported that relatively high concentrations of aucubin (0.1 mM to 1 mM) have protective effects on H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells [8, 9]. There are reports that compound VI containing natural lignans and iridoid, which includes partly glucosidase-hydrolyzed aucubin, promotes neuronal differentiation and lengthening neuritis of PC12h cells, a cultured cell line of paraneuron[10].…”

“…There have been reports that aucubin has protective effects on H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells by modulating the expression of Bcl-2 family [8, 9] and natural lignans and iridoid compounds lengthen neuritis of PC12h cells, a cultured cell line of paraneuron [10, 11]. In contrast to the wide range of aucubin effects, little is known about its effects on the nervous system.…”

Prophylactic Administration of Aucubin Inhibits Paclitaxel-Induced Mechanical Allodynia <i>via</i> the Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Peripheral Schwann Cells

“…It has also been demonstrated that paclitaxel shows cytotoxicity by inducing oxidative stress. 26) This indicates that an antioxidant activity by aucubin [27][28][29] may attenuate paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity that is mediated through oxidative stress.…”