Protective effects of nebivolol from oxidative stress to prevent hypertension-related target organ damage

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the leading risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and renal impairment. It also leads to target organ damage (TOD), which worsens organ function and the patient's clinical status. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress may contribute significantly to TOD in patients with hypertension. NO (nitric oxide) is a paracrine factor derived from endothelial cells that has been shown to alleviate ROS-mediated oxidative damage. Nebivolol is a third-generation β-blocker with vasodilator activity, both actions contributing to decreased blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Its vasodilatory function is mediated by the endothelial l-arginine NO pathway. Nebivolol increases the bioavailability of NO in the vasculature. Its efficacy and safety profile is comparable to other commonly used antihypertensive agents. In this article, we review the current literature to understand TOD secondary to oxidative stress in patients with hypertension and the role of nebivolol in its prevention. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which nebivolol reduces ROS-mediated TOD will not only help in the development of targeted therapies but may also improve health outcomes in hypertensive patients.

Antioxidant and antihypertensive effects of garlic protein and its hydrolysates and the related mechanism

“…These residuals were just processed as animal fodders or treated as wastes. In recent years, several studies revealed that the oxidative stress could play a major role in hypertension (Coats & Jain, 2017;Zhou, Zhao, Zhang, & Lu, 2015). Garlic proteins (GPs) were reported to have various physiological and pharmacological properties such as antiatherogenic, antiperoxidative, suppress NO (Nitric Oxide) production in macrophages, generates tolerogenic dendritic, and significant hypolipidemic activities (Ahmadabad et al, 2011).…”

“…Garlic proteins (GPs) were reported to have various physiological and pharmacological properties such as antiatherogenic, antiperoxidative, suppress NO (Nitric Oxide) production in macrophages, generates tolerogenic dendritic, and significant hypolipidemic activities (Ahmadabad et al, 2011). In recent years, several studies revealed that the oxidative stress could play a major role in hypertension (Coats & Jain, 2017;Zhou, Zhao, Zhang, & Lu, 2015). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increasingly recognized as key regulators of numerous physiological processes (Chen, Wang, Zhu, Xiao, & Zhang, 2018).…”

Effects of L- and N-Type Ca Channel Blocker Cilnidipine on Changes in Heart Rate and QT Interval During Dialysis

“…QT interval is a predictor of the risk of both coronary events and cardiovascular death after adjusting for the effects of additional risk factors in hypertension [30, 31]. QT intervals in HD patients are longer than those in the general population, and 65% of these patients show longer QT intervals [32].…”

Garlic Lowers Blood Pressure and Reduces Oxidative Stress by Increasing Plasma H2s Content in Patients With Arterial Hypertension

“…Другим чинником є викид катехоламінів і тривала стимуляції β2-адренорецепторів, збільшення вмісту внутрішньоклітинного кальцію і сили скорочення гладеньких м´язів, що в свою чергу теж підвищує артеріальний тиск (АТ). Тому інгібітори АПЕ і β-блокаторів є препаратами першої лінії в терапії АГ [2][3][4]. З іншого боку, причинами підвищеного АТ може бути зменшення синтезу чи/і біодоступності таких ендогенних вазорелаксантів, як оксиду азоту (NO) внаслідок активації ензиму аргінази, що конкурує з NO-синтазою (NOS) за спільний субстрат L-аргінін, і зниження власне NO-синтазної активності [5].…”