Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid on Salt Induced Microscopic Changes in Femur of Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a major risk factor for fracture affects an enormous number of people of both genders worldwide. Objectives: To evaluate the shielding effect of omega-3 fatty acids on high salt induced histological findings in femur of rats. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Methodology: Female rats (n=30) were divided into three groups. Group A recieved high salt diet (8%NaCl) while group B recieved omega-3-treated salt loaded diet receiving 260 mg/kg body weight with 8% NaCl solution (8 weeks), control group received standard diet. Tissue from mid shaft and proximal end of femur was obtained to study the osteoblast number, mid cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone architecture. Statistical analysis: SPSS software, v 21 analyzed data. Results: Protective effects were seen in Omega-3 fatty acid supplemented experimental group B with increase in osteoblast number, mid cortical bone thickness and increase in microstructure of trabeculae. Conclusion: We concluded that dietary nutrient like omega-3 fatty acid is a helpful tool in eliminating adverse effects of salt on bones by enhancing osteoblastic activity thus reducing its remodeling. Keywords: Bone, Osteoblast, Omega-3 fatty acid, Salt and Trabeculae.